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Updated: May 9, 2026

Isolating Malignant and Non-Malignant B Cells from lck:eGFP Zebrafish
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Isolating Malignant and Non-Malignant B Cells from lck:eGFP Zebrafish

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An evolutionarily conserved program of B-cell development and activation in zebrafish.

Dawne M Page1, Valerie Wittamer, Julien Y Bertrand

  • 1Department of Biology, Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego, CA 92106, USA. dapage@pointloma.edu

Blood
|July 18, 2013
PubMed
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Researchers developed novel zebrafish models to study adaptive immunity evolution. These reporter fish reveal early B-cell development and migration patterns, offering insights into vertebrate immune system origins.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Teleost fish possess adaptive immunity but typically have fewer B lymphocyte types than mammals.
  • Understanding the evolution of adaptive immunity requires studying B-cell development in diverse vertebrate groups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To generate and characterize transgenic zebrafish reporter lines for studying B-cell development and evolution.
  • To identify early B-cell development sites and track B-cell ontogeny in zebrafish.
  • To investigate B-cell function and plasma cell characteristics in a nonmammalian model.

Main Methods:

  • Generation of transgenic zebrafish expressing green fluorescence protein (GFP) or DsRed under the control of B-cell specific promoters (IgM1, rag2, cd45, blimp1).
  • Microscopic analysis of B-cell development sites in embryonic and adult zebrafish.

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Last Updated: May 9, 2026

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  • Characterization of B-cell populations (pro-B, pre-B, immature/mature B, plasma B cells) using reporter gene expression.

    • Main Results:

    • Identified earliest B-cell development sites in zebrafish embryos (dorsal aorta, posterior cardinal vein, kidney) around 20 days postfertilization.
    • Defined distinct B-cell populations (pro-B, pre-B, immature/mature B) in the adult zebrafish kidney.
    • Confirmed a developmental shift in B-cell development sites from embryo to adult, suggesting conservation across jawed vertebrates.
    • Characterized plasma B cells and investigated B-cell function using the generated reporter lines.

    Conclusions:

    • The IgM1:eGFP zebrafish represents the first nonmammalian B-cell reporter system, valuable for immune cell evolution studies.
    • Zebrafish B-cell development sites shift from embryonic to adult stages, mirroring patterns in birds and mammals.
    • These findings advance the understanding of adaptive immunity evolution in jawed vertebrates and provide tools for host-pathogen interaction studies.