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Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones

Bones are dynamic organs that require a rich supply of oxygen and nutrients. Around 5% to 10% of the cardiac output supplies blood to the bones. A typical long bone has three main sources: the nutrient artery, the metaphyseal and epiphyseal arteries, and the periosteal arteries.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Models of Bone Metastasis

Models of Bone Metastasis

Published on: September 4, 2012

Painful boney metastases.

Howard S Smith¹, Intikhab Mohsin

¹Department of Anesthesiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA.

The Korean Journal of Pain

|July 18, 2013

Summary

Bone metastases from cancers like prostate, breast, and lung cause severe pain. Treatment involves a range of options including pain medications, radiation, and other therapies to manage this debilitating condition.

Area of Science:

Oncology
Pain Management
Skeletal Metastasis Research

Background:

Bone metastasis is a common complication of several cancers, notably prostate, breast, and lung.
It frequently leads to debilitating pain, significantly impacting patients' quality of life.
Painful osseous metastases are often characterized by unpredictable breakthrough pain episodes.

Purpose of the Study:

To review and summarize current treatment strategies for managing pain associated with bone metastases.
To highlight the challenges posed by breakthrough pain in patients with osseous metastases.

Main Methods:

Literature review of established and emerging treatment modalities for painful bone metastases.
Analysis of the characteristics of breakthrough pain, including onset, duration, and predictability.

Keywords:

boney metastases breakthrough cancer pain triple opioid therapy

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 9, 2026

Models of Bone Metastasis

Models of Bone Metastasis

Published on: September 4, 2012

Compilation of a comprehensive list of therapeutic interventions.

Main Results:

Bone metastases from prostate, breast, and lung cancers are primary sources of severe pain.
Breakthrough pain episodes associated with bone metastases are frequent, with nearly half being rapid and short, and 44% unpredictable.
A wide array of treatment strategies exist, encompassing analgesics, hormonal therapy, chemotherapy, radiation, interventional procedures, and ablative techniques.

Conclusions:

Effective management of pain from bone metastases requires a multimodal approach.
Understanding the nature of breakthrough pain is crucial for optimizing treatment selection.
Current therapeutic options offer various avenues for alleviating pain and improving patient outcomes in skeletal metastasis.