Coronary artery disease in critical patients of Iran
Pishkar Mofrad Zahra1, Arbabi Sarjou Azizollah, Roudbari Masoud
1Department of Nursing, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
Insights
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, and obesity are prevalent in Sistan-Baluchistan, Iran. Urgent national control measures and prevention programs, especially targeting women, are necessary.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) poses a significant health burden globally.
- Identifying prevalent risk factors is crucial for developing effective prevention strategies.
- Sistan-Baluchistan (SB), Iran, is a region with a high burden of cardiovascular diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify key risk factors for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) in hospitalized patients in Sistan-Baluchistan, Iran.
- To analyze the prevalence of risk factors including hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, smoking, age, obesity, immobility, and diabetes mellitus.
- To investigate gender-specific differences in the prevalence of these risk factors.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2006 involving 616 patients admitted to Coronary Care Units (CCUs) in Sistan-Baluchistan.
- Data were collected through structured interviews and checklists, encompassing personal characteristics, lifestyle, and physiological factors.
- Statistical analysis included Chi-square and exact Fisher tests using SPSS software.
Main Results:
- A high frequency of CAD risk factors was observed in the study area.
- Prevalence of diabetes mellitus (32.5%), hypertension (43.7%), and obesity (22.9%) was significantly higher in women compared to men.
- Smoking (52.3%) and low mobility (83.3%) showed a significant association with gender (p=0.001).
Conclusions:
- The adult population in Sistan-Baluchistan exhibits a high prevalence of CAD risk factors, necessitating immediate national control measures.
- Implementation of a comprehensive prevention program is essential to mitigate these risk factors.
- Targeted health education, particularly for women, is recommended to reduce CAD risk.
Objective:
To identify the risk factors for Coronary Artery Diseases (CAD), such as hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, smoking, age, obesity, immobility and diabetes mellitus, in critical patients of Sistan-Baluchistan (SB), Iran.
Methods:
This cross-sectional research was performed in 2006. The sampling method was convenience, and involved 616 hospitalised patients in the CCUs of hospitals of Sistan-Baluchistan province. Data was collected by structured interview and a checklist which included personal characteristics and risk factors like lifestyles as well as biochemical and physiological factors for CAD. SPSS software, Chi-square and exact fisher tests were used for analysis.
Results:
Frequency of risk factors among patients with CAD was found to be high in the study area. Also, the results showed that the prevalence of some risk factors, such as diabetes mellitus 198 (32.5%), hypertension 266 (43.7%) and obesity 131 (22.9%), was significantly higher in women than men. Besides, there was a significant relationship between smoking, 317(52.3%) and low mobility 503 (83.3%), with gender (p = 0.001).
Conclusion:
Clinical and para-clinical data indicated that the adult population has a high level of CAD risk factors in the Sistan-Baluchistan province which may require urgent steps to address national control measures regarding CAD. Implementation of a prevention programme is necessary in order to reduce the risk factors. Also, health education is necessary, specially for women.
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