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Developing a hierarchy of needs for Type 1 diabetes
1Division of International and Humanitarian Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Summary
This study applied Maslow's hierarchy of needs to Type 1 diabetes, identifying survival needs like insulin and healthcare, and well-being needs such as acceptance and positive outlook for better diabetes management.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Psychology
- Health Services Research
Background:
- Maslow's hierarchy of needs provides a framework for understanding human motivation.
- Type 1 diabetes management requires addressing multifaceted patient needs beyond basic physiological requirements.
Purpose of the Study:
- To adapt Maslow's hierarchy of needs to the context of Type 1 diabetes.
- To identify and categorize the essential needs of individuals living with Type 1 diabetes.
Main Methods:
- Qualitative study utilizing semi-structured interviews with 101 participants across 13 countries.
- Grounded theory for data collection and analysis, with thematic analysis to identify needs.
Main Results:
- Sixteen distinct needs were identified and hierarchically mapped according to Maslow's framework.
- Foundational needs include policies, healthcare systems, insulin, its delivery, control, healthcare workers, and education.
- Higher-level needs involve community support, adaptable healthcare roles, personal experience, personality, and achieving acceptance and a positive perspective on diabetes.
Conclusions:
- Identified needs range from tangible, survival-based requirements to intangible, well-being-focused aspects.
- Results can inform policy and practice by highlighting unmet needs within health systems for targeted interventions.
- Distinguishes between needs directly addressable by the health system and those requiring broader support.
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