Tooth loss and dental caries in institutionalized elderly in Italy

An epidemiological survey of dental health status and needs was conducted in a group of 234 randomly selected institutionalized elderly people in Naples, Italy. The mean age of the patients was 81.4 yr, 71.4% were women and 28.6% men. A total of 140 (59.8%) people were totally edentulous; an additional 13.7% were edentulous in one jaw. A significant increase in prevalence of edentulousness with increasing age was recorded. 44.3% of the edentulous in both jaws wore complete dentures. The mean number of remaining sound teeth, decayed teeth and root remnants in the elderly with maxillary and mandibular natural teeth decreased with increasing age. Of the 94 dentate elderly, 29.8% had no need of dental treatment. Of all dentate patients 68.1% needed one or more dental extractions with a mean need of 3.9 per patient; 37.2% needed restorative treatment for one or more teeth with a mean need per patient of 2.9. Analysis of the results showed poor dental health in this target group and the necessity of improving the dental health services programs for the elderly living in institutions.