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Tracking the consequences of morpho-orthographic decomposition using ERPs.

Joanna Morris1, Jonathan Grainger, Phillip J Holcomb

  • 1School of Cognitive Science, Hampshire College, Amherst, MA 01002, USA. jmorris@hampshire.edu

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|July 23, 2013
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Summary

Early word processing involves morpho-orthographic decomposition, separating word parts before meaning is understood. This segmentation impacts how we process complex words, regardless of their semantic transparency.

Keywords:
Event related potentialsMasked primingMorpho-orthographic segmentationMorphological processingVisual word recognition

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • Understanding how the brain processes complex words is crucial for cognitive science.
  • Morpho-orthographic decomposition, the separation of word components, is a key hypothesized process.
  • The role of semantic transparency in this decomposition remains debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temporal dynamics of morpho-orthographic decomposition.
  • To determine if decomposition occurs independently of semantic transparency.
  • To examine the influence of decomposition on subsequent word processing stages.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized masked priming with event-related potential (ERP) recordings.
  • Employed complex non-words as prime stimuli to elicit morpho-orthographic decomposition.
  • Tested target words: semantically transparent complex words, opaque pseudocomplex words, and simplex words.

Main Results:

  • An early priming effect (150-200 ms) was observed exclusively for transparent complex words.
  • Widespread priming effects occurred between 200-300 ms for all target types.
  • N400 priming effects were spatially focused, differentiating complex words from others in later stages.

Conclusions:

  • Morpho-orthographic segmentation occurs early in word processing, independent of semantic transparency.
  • The output of early decomposition processes specifically influences the processing of truly complex words.
  • Findings support a distinct, early stage of structural word analysis before semantic integration.