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Updated: May 9, 2026

Patient-derived Orthotopic Xenograft Models for Human Urothelial Cell Carcinoma and Colorectal Cancer Tumor Growth and Spontaneous Metastasis
09:28

Patient-derived Orthotopic Xenograft Models for Human Urothelial Cell Carcinoma and Colorectal Cancer Tumor Growth and Spontaneous Metastasis

Published on: May 12, 2019

Target protein for Xklp2 (TPX2), a microtubule-related protein, contributes to malignant phenotype in bladder

Liang Yan1, Shenglei Li, Changbao Xu

  • 1Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.

Tumour Biology : the Journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine
|July 23, 2013
PubMed

Insights

The protein TPX2 (targeting protein X kinesin-like protein 2) is highly expressed in bladder carcinoma, correlating with advanced disease and poor survival. Inhibiting TPX2 may offer a new therapeutic strategy for bladder cancer.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • TPX2 (targeting protein X kinesin-like protein 2) is implicated in human tumor development.
  • Its specific role in bladder carcinoma pathogenesis requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the expression and function of TPX2 in bladder carcinoma.
  • To determine the association of TPX2 with clinicopathological features and patient prognosis.

Main Methods:

  • TPX2 expression analysis (mRNA and protein) in bladder carcinoma tissues and cell lines.
  • Correlation analysis between TPX2 levels and clinicopathological parameters (pT, grade, metastasis, survival).
  • Functional studies involving TPX2 overexpression and depletion in bladder cancer cells (proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, molecular markers).

Main Results:

  • TPX2 was significantly upregulated in bladder carcinoma tissues and cells, particularly in advanced stages (pT2-4, pN1-3).
  • High TPX2 expression correlated with higher tumor grade, lymph node metastasis, and shorter patient survival.
  • TPX2 overexpression promoted proliferation and tumorigenicity, altered cell cycle progression, and suppressed apoptosis, involving modulation of cyclin D1, cdk2, p21, and caspase-3.

Conclusions:

  • TPX2 plays a critical role in the development and progression of bladder carcinoma.
  • Targeting TPX2 represents a potential novel therapeutic strategy for bladder cancer patients.

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