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ABC Transporters: Exporter

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ATP-binding cassette or ABC transporter is the largest superfamily of integral membrane proteins. The transporters have transmembrane-binding domains (TMDs) and nucleotide-binding domains (NBDs). The TMDs are specific to their substrates, whereas the NBDs are similar to engines that complete ATP hydrolysis to complete the substrate transport. They can be full transporters consisting of two TMDs and NBDs, half transporters with one TMD and NBD, while some encoded with a single TMD or NBD are...

ABC Transporters: Importer

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ATP-binding cassette or ABC transporters are a class of ATP-driven pumps that hydrolyze ATP to move solutes across the membrane. They can be grouped into importers and exporters. While exporters are present in all domains of life, importers exist only in bacteria and some plants.
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Flippase
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Characterization of Membrane Transporters by Heterologous Expression in E. coli and Production of Membrane Vesicles

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Published on: December 31, 2019

Bile salt export pump (BSEP/ABCB11): trafficking and sorting disturbances.

Hisamitsu Hayashi¹, Yuichi Sugiyama

¹Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan. hayapi@mol.f.u-tokyo.ac.jp

Current Molecular Pharmacology

|July 24, 2013

Summary

The bile salt export pump (BSEP) is crucial for bile acid excretion and bile flow. Understanding BSEP

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Area of Science:

Hepatology
Molecular Biology
Biochemistry

Background:

The bile salt export pump (BSEP/ABCB11) is an ATP-binding cassette transporter vital for biliary excretion of bile acids.
BSEP functions on the hepatocyte canalicular membrane, driving bile flow and maintaining liver health.
Dysfunction or reduced expression of BSEP leads to intrahepatic cholestasis, a serious liver condition.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the molecular characteristics and physiological roles of BSEP.
To elucidate the mechanisms governing BSEP trafficking and sorting within hepatocytes.
To explore factors contributing to BSEP dysfunction and subsequent intrahepatic cholestasis.

Main Methods:

Literature review of studies on BSEP.
Analysis of molecular mechanisms of BSEP transport and regulation.
Examination of pathological conditions affecting BSEP function.

Main Results:

BSEP is essential for bile acid secretion and bile flow generation.
Impaired BSEP trafficking and sorting reduce its canalicular membrane expression, causing cholestasis.
Both genetic mutations and acquired factors (e.g., drugs) can disrupt BSEP function.

Conclusions:

BSEP's proper trafficking and sorting are critical for preventing intrahepatic cholestasis.
Further research into BSEP regulation is needed to understand and treat liver diseases.
Targeting BSEP mechanisms may offer therapeutic strategies for cholestatic disorders.