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Related Concept Videos

Viral Mutations00:36

Viral Mutations

A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material for adaptive...
Replication in Eukaryotes02:31

Replication in Eukaryotes

Overview
Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

Replication in Eukaryotes

In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...
Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

Replication in Eukaryotes

In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...
Replication in Eukaryotes02:31

Replication in Eukaryotes

Overview
The Replisome03:01

The Replisome

DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Pairwise Growth Competition Assay for Determining the Replication Fitness of Human Immunodeficiency Viruses
11:19

Pairwise Growth Competition Assay for Determining the Replication Fitness of Human Immunodeficiency Viruses

Published on: May 4, 2015

Replication proteins and human disease.

Andrew P Jackson1, Ronald A Laskey, Nicholas Coleman

  • 1MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology
|July 25, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mutations in DNA replication proteins cause human diseases. The MCMs group of proteins are promising biomarkers for early cancer detection and are in clinical use.

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Electrophoretic Analysis of Replication Through Structure-Prone DNA Repeats Within the SV40-Based Human Episome
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Electrophoretic Analysis of Replication Through Structure-Prone DNA Repeats Within the SV40-Based Human Episome

Published on: September 13, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 9, 2026

Pairwise Growth Competition Assay for Determining the Replication Fitness of Human Immunodeficiency Viruses
11:19

Pairwise Growth Competition Assay for Determining the Replication Fitness of Human Immunodeficiency Viruses

Published on: May 4, 2015

Electrophoretic Analysis of Replication Through Structure-Prone DNA Repeats Within the SV40-Based Human Episome
05:22

Electrophoretic Analysis of Replication Through Structure-Prone DNA Repeats Within the SV40-Based Human Episome

Published on: September 13, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • DNA replication is crucial for cell division and genomic stability.
  • Defects in DNA replication proteins can lead to various human diseases.
  • The MCM (minichromosome maintenance) proteins are key components of the DNA replication machinery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the role of DNA replication proteins in human disease.
  • To highlight the potential of MCM proteins as cancer biomarkers.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on DNA replication proteins and their associated diseases.
  • Analysis of the role of MCM proteins in cancer development and detection.

Main Results:

  • Mutations in genes encoding replication proteins cause distinct clinical disorders.
  • MCM proteins show significant promise as biomarkers for early cancer detection.
  • MCMs offer advantages over other replication proteins for clinical applications.

Conclusions:

  • DNA replication proteins are significant in human health and disease.
  • MCM proteins represent a valuable tool for cancer diagnostics and have potential for widespread clinical use.