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Updated: May 9, 2026

Lipopolysaccharide Infusion as a Porcine Endotoxemic Shock Model
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Published on: December 8, 2023

Use of insulin to decrease septic shock-induced myocardial depression in a porcine model.

Yosef Levenbrown1, Scott Penfil, Elena Rodriguez

  • 1Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA, yosef.levenbrown@nemours.org.

Inflammation
|July 27, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Insulin lessens myocardial depression during septic shock, not via anti-inflammatory pathways, but likely through direct cardiac stimulation. This study investigated insulin's protective effects in sepsis-induced heart dysfunction.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Septic shock frequently causes myocardial depression, a serious complication.
  • Insulin is known to mitigate this cardiac dysfunction, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear.
  • Potential mechanisms include anti-inflammatory or direct inotropic effects of insulin.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether insulin's protective effect against septic shock-induced myocardial depression is mediated by immunomodulatory mechanisms.
  • To differentiate between an anti-inflammatory versus an inotropic effect of insulin in this context.

Main Methods:

  • A porcine model of septic shock induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) infusion.
  • Two groups: one receiving LPS, the other LPS plus insulin infusion (1.5 U/kg/h) with glucose and potassium normalization.

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Last Updated: May 9, 2026

Lipopolysaccharide Infusion as a Porcine Endotoxemic Shock Model
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Lipopolysaccharide Infusion as a Porcine Endotoxemic Shock Model

Published on: December 8, 2023

Improvement of a Closed Chest Porcine Myocardial Infarction Model by Standardization of Tissue and Blood Sampling Procedures
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  • Cardiac function assessed via echocardiographic shortening fraction; plasma cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) and postmortem cardiac cytokine analysis were performed.

    • Main Results:

    • Insulin administration significantly attenuated myocardial depression in pigs subjected to septic shock.
    • Plasma and cardiac tissue cytokine levels (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) were not significantly different between groups, indicating no anti-inflammatory effect.
    • Cardiac function improvement suggests a direct inotropic effect of insulin.

    Conclusions:

    • Insulin attenuates septic shock-induced myocardial depression.
    • The protective mechanism is not primarily mediated by an anti-inflammatory (immunomodulatory) effect.
    • The findings strongly suggest that insulin exerts its beneficial effect on the heart during sepsis through a direct inotropic action.