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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the daughter...
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
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Genome-wide Screen for miRNA Targets Using the MISSION Target ID Library
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Genome-wide Screen for miRNA Targets Using the MISSION Target ID Library

Published on: April 6, 2012

APOBEC3 inhibits DEAD-END function to regulate microRNA activity.

Sara Ali1, Namrata Karki, Chitralekha Bhattacharya

  • 1Department of Genetics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

BMC Molecular Biology
|July 30, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

APOBEC3 (apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide like 3) counteracts DEAD-END (DND1) protein

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Last Updated: May 9, 2026

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Published on: April 6, 2012

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • RNA Biology
  • Gene Regulation

Background:

  • DEAD-END (DND1) protein regulates microRNA (miRNA) activity by blocking miRNA-mRNA interactions.
  • APOBEC3 (apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide like 3) is known for its role in retroviral restriction.
  • Previous studies indicated an interaction between DND1 and APOBEC3.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the functional significance of the DND1-APOBEC3 interaction.
  • To determine how APOBEC3 modulates DND1's regulation of miRNA activity.
  • To assess if DND1 affects APOBEC3's known functions.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed the effect of human DND1 and human APOBEC3G on miRNA-mediated inhibition of P27.
  • Investigated APOBEC3G's impact on DND1's regulation of miR-372 and miR-206.
  • Evaluated DND1's effect on APOBEC3's viral restriction and mutator activity using HIV and MusD models, and in Apobec3-/- mice.

Main Results:

  • Human DND1 inhibits miRNA-mediated repression of P27, while human APOBEC3G counteracts this, restoring miRNA activity.
  • APOBEC3G inhibits DND1 function, thereby restoring miRNA-mediated repression of target mRNAs (LATS2, CX43).
  • DND1 does not affect APOBEC3's retroviral restriction or mutator activity in cells or germ cells.

Conclusions:

  • APOBEC3 modulates DND1 function to regulate miRNA-mediated translational control.
  • DND1 does not impact the established functions of APOBEC3.
  • This study reveals a novel regulatory interplay between APOBEC3 and DND1 in miRNA pathways.