Churg-Strauss syndrome presenting with eosinophilic myocarditis: a diagnostic challenge

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Rheumatology
• Pathology

Background:

• Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS) is a rare systemic vasculitis associated with atopy and eosinophilia.
• Cardiac involvement in CSS is uncommon but a significant cause of mortality.
• Early recognition of cardiac CSS is crucial for timely intervention.

Observation:

• A young woman presented with severe acute myocarditis and eosinophilia.
• Coronary arteriography revealed extensive focal vasculopathy, indicative of coronary vasculitis.
• Myocardial biopsy confirmed eosinophilic myocarditis.

Findings:

• The patient's presentation was initially diagnosed as CSS with cardiac involvement.
• Prompt and appropriate therapy resulted in a dramatic remission of the disease activity.
• This case underscores the importance of considering CSS in patients with unexplained myocarditis and vasculitis.

Implications:

• This case highlights the potential for severe cardiac manifestations in Churg-Strauss syndrome.
• It emphasizes the need for thorough cardiac evaluation in patients with CSS.
• Successful treatment demonstrates the efficacy of early diagnosis and management of CSS-related cardiac disease.