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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

An Immunohistopathologic Study to Profile the Folate Receptor Beta Macrophage and Vascular Immune Microenvironment in Giant Cell Arteritis

Published on: February 8, 2019

Interleukin-1 blockade in refractory giant cell arteritis.

Kim-Heang Ly¹, Jérôme Stirnemann², Eric Liozon¹

¹Service de médecine interne A, CHU de Dupuytren, 2, avenue Martin-Luther-King, 87042 Limoges cedex, France.

Joint Bone Spine

|July 30, 2013

Summary

Interleukin-1 blockade therapy with anakinra shows promise for treating refractory giant cell arteritis. This approach improved symptoms and inflammation markers in patients unresponsive to standard treatments.

Keywords:

Case report Giant cell arteritis Interleukin-1 blockade

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Last Updated: May 9, 2026

An Immunohistopathologic Study to Profile the Folate Receptor Beta Macrophage and Vascular Immune Microenvironment in Giant Cell Arteritis

Published on: February 8, 2019

Adoptive Immunotherapy of iNKT Cells in Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase (G6PI)-Induced RA Mice

Adoptive Immunotherapy of iNKT Cells in Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase (G6PI)-Induced RA Mice

Published on: January 31, 2020

Area of Science:

Rheumatology
Immunology
Vascular Medicine

Background:

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a large-vessel vasculitis causing arterial inflammation and occlusion.
Current treatments like glucocorticoids often lead to relapses and complications.
Limited options exist for refractory GCA cases.

Observation:

Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) is elevated in inflamed arteries of GCA patients.
Anakinra, an IL-1 blockade therapy, was administered to three refractory GCA patients.
Treatment outcomes were assessed via clinical symptoms, inflammatory markers, and imaging.

Findings:

Anakinra successfully treated all three refractory GCA patients.
Patients experienced improved symptoms and reduced inflammation biomarkers.
Two patients showed a complete resolution of arterial inflammation on PET/CT scans.

Implications:

IL-1β blockade represents a potential novel therapeutic strategy for refractory GCA.
Anakinra may offer an effective alternative for patients with limited treatment options.
Further research is warranted to confirm anakinra's efficacy and safety in larger GCA cohorts.