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A zero-voltage switching technique for minimizing the current-source power of implanted stimulators.

Uğur Çilingiroğlu1, Sercan İpek

  • 1Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Yeditepe University, Kayışdağı Cad., 34755 Ataşehir, İstanbul, Turkey. ucilingiroglu@yeditepe.edu.tr

IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems
|July 30, 2013
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces an efficient power supply for implanted stimulators, minimizing power consumption by directly driving electrodes with a zero-voltage switching supply. This innovation enhances stimulation quality and reduces overall energy needs.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Electrical Engineering
  • Implantable Devices

Background:

  • Implanted stimulators require efficient power management to minimize size and maximize longevity.
  • Conventional power supplies for stimulators can be inefficient, leading to significant power loss.
  • Fluctuations in electrode impedance during stimulation can affect the quality of delivered electrical pulses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel power supply for implanted stimulators that significantly reduces power consumption.
  • To improve the quality and stability of stimulation pulses delivered to electrodes.
  • To minimize the overall energy requirements of implantable stimulation systems.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a zero-voltage switching power supply directly connected to the secondary port of an inductive link.

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  • Implemented a feedback loop within the secondary to regulate supply voltage based on current-source requirements.
  • Scaled switching frequency with power demand to optimize energy efficiency.
  • Designed a simple control circuit using a comparator, Schmitt trigger, and logic gate.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved near-theoretical minimum current-source power for the implanted stimulator.
    • Maintained high-quality current pulses irrespective of electrode impedance changes.
    • Reduced the sum of supply and current-source power to 20%-75% of conventional source power.
    • Verified functionality on a 3.3 V CMOS prototype.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed zero-voltage switching power supply offers a highly efficient solution for implanted stimulators.
    • This technique significantly enhances power efficiency and stimulation pulse quality.
    • The simple design and reduced power consumption make it suitable for next-generation implantable devices.