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Related Concept Videos

Larynx01:21

Larynx

The human larynx, often referred to as the voice box, is an intricate organ located in the neck. It serves as a pathway for air to enter the lungs during respiration and is an essential component of voice production.
Anatomy of the Larynx
The larynx consists of various components, including cartilage, muscles, and vocal cords. Its structure includes three large unpaired cartilages—the thyroid, cricoid, and epiglottis—and three smaller paired cartilages—the arytenoids, corniculates, and...
Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Pigmentation01:19

Pigmentation

The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
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Assessment of Airway, Skin Color, and Use of Accessory Muscles

A thorough assessment of respiratory health is paramount in clinical settings to identify and manage respiratory distress and ensure adequate oxygenation. This article elaborates on the critical aspects of respiratory evaluation, including airway assessment, skin color examination, and the observation of accessory muscle use, which are integral to effectively diagnosing and managing patients with respiratory conditions.
Introduction
The initial evaluation of a patient's respiratory system...
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Epistasis

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Related Experiment Video

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A Heterotopic Mouse Model for Studying Laryngeal Transplantation
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A Heterotopic Mouse Model for Studying Laryngeal Transplantation

Published on: January 13, 2023

Laryngeal melanosis.

Susan Cordes1, Stacey Halum, Lauren Hansen

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.

Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery : Official Journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
|July 30, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Laryngeal melanosis, a rare condition linked to tobacco use, often presents as dysphonia. Patients with this condition have a high rate of co-occurring squamous cell carcinoma, requiring thorough evaluation.

Keywords:
laryngeal melanosismucosal melanosissquamous cell carcinoma

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Minimally Invasive Murine Laryngoscopy for Close-Up Imaging of Laryngeal Motion During Breathing and Swallowing
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Minimally Invasive Murine Laryngoscopy for Close-Up Imaging of Laryngeal Motion During Breathing and Swallowing

Published on: December 1, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Laryngeal melanosis (LM) is an uncommon condition with limited clinical significance data.
  • Understanding LM's association with other disorders is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical characteristics of laryngeal melanosis.
  • To compare findings with existing literature on LM cases.
  • To assess the association between LM and squamous cell carcinoma.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective case series design was employed.
  • Data collected from 18 LM patients at an urban academic medical center (2005-2012).
  • Demographics, history, examination findings, and concurrent head and neck disorders were recorded.

Main Results:

  • Eighteen African American patients with LM were identified, all with a history of chronic tobacco use.
  • Dysphonia was the most common symptom; flat, pigmented laryngeal lesions were frequently observed.
  • Fifty percent of patients had concomitant squamous cell carcinoma, a higher rate than the 26% reported in previous literature.

Conclusions:

  • Laryngeal melanosis is associated with chronic tobacco use.
  • A significant association exists between LM and squamous cell carcinoma.
  • Clinicians should evaluate patients with LM for concurrent squamous cell carcinoma.