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Appendicitis-I: Introduction

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...

Appendicitis

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...

Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Diagnosing and managing appendicitis requires a structured and comprehensive approach that spans from initial assessment to postoperative care. Here is an overview of the process:
Diagnosing Appendicitis
It requires a multifaceted approach, starting with a detailed physical examination to pinpoint the location and nature of the pain and identify any associated symptoms. Laboratory tests play a crucial role. A complete Blood Count (CBC) typically reveals leukocytosis (an increased number of...

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Acute pancreatitis is the sudden inflammation of the pancreas caused by the early activation of digestive enzymes, leading to the autodigestion of pancreatic tissue. This results in local inflammation and, in severe cases, systemic complications.EtiologyUnderstanding the underlying causes is crucial, as identifying the etiology guides treatment and anticipates complications. Acute pancreatitis can be triggered by various factors, typically grouped into the following clinical categories.Biliary...

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas, an organ located behind the stomach. It can be either acute or chronic.
Acute pancreatitis is characterized by rapid inflammation of the pancreas, often caused by factors like gallstone blockage or excessive alcohol consumption. Chronic pancreatitis, on the other hand, is a slow, progressive inflammation that may result from long-term alcohol abuse, obstructions in the pancreatic duct, or genetic factors.
The causes of acute pancreatitis include:

Cholecystitis

Cholecystitis

Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, most commonly caused by obstruction of the cystic duct. This blockage prevents bile from draining, leading to gallbladder distension, inflammation, and potentially serious complications. This condition may present acutely or chronically and can happen with or without gallstones.EtiologyAbout 95% of cholecystitis cases are calculous, caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct, leading to bile accumulation and inflammation of the gallbladder...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Murine Appendectomy Model of Chronic Colitis Associated Colorectal Cancer by Precise Localization of Caecal Patch

Murine Appendectomy Model of Chronic Colitis Associated Colorectal Cancer by Precise Localization of Caecal Patch

Published on: August 24, 2019

Epiploic appendagitis with acute appendicitis.

Louis Savage¹, Jonathan Gosling, Ibnauf Suliman

¹Department of General Surgery, Barnet and Chase Farm Hospitals NHS Trust, London, London, UK. louis.savage@nhs.net

BMJ Case Reports

|July 31, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This case highlights a rare instance of concurrent epiploic appendagitis and acute appendicitis in a young woman. Pelvic laparoscopy proved crucial for accurate diagnosis and management of abdominal pain in this unusual presentation.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 9, 2026

Murine Appendectomy Model of Chronic Colitis Associated Colorectal Cancer by Precise Localization of Caecal Patch

Murine Appendectomy Model of Chronic Colitis Associated Colorectal Cancer by Precise Localization of Caecal Patch

Published on: August 24, 2019

Area of Science:

Gastroenterology
Surgical Pathology

Background:

Acute abdominal pain in women often necessitates differentiation between gynecological and gastrointestinal causes.
Appendicitis is a common diagnosis, but other pathologies can mimic its symptoms.

Observation:

A 28-year-old woman presented with acute right-sided abdominal pain, initially suspected as acute appendicitis.
Transvaginal ultrasound suggested appendicitis, but conservative management failed.
Laparoscopic appendicectomy revealed a normal appendix but an inflamed epiploic appendage of the sigmoid colon.

Findings:

The patient was diagnosed with a concurrent, though rare, presentation of epiploic appendagitis and acute appendicitis.
The inflamed epiploic appendage was identified during pelvic laparoscopy.
Postoperative pain resolved with conservative treatment.

Implications:

This case underscores the diagnostic value of pelvic laparoscopy in female patients with suspected appendicitis, even when initial findings point elsewhere.
It highlights the importance of considering less common diagnoses like epiploic appendagitis in the differential diagnosis of acute abdominal pain.
Comprehensive intraoperative assessment is vital for identifying and managing all contributing pathologies.