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Related Concept Videos

Language Development01:22

Language Development

Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Portable Intermodal Preferential Looking (IPL): Investigating Language Comprehension in Typically Developing Toddlers and Young Children with Autism
10:11

Portable Intermodal Preferential Looking (IPL): Investigating Language Comprehension in Typically Developing Toddlers and Young Children with Autism

Published on: December 14, 2012

Fast Mapping in Late-Talking Toddlers.

Susan Ellis Weismer1, Courtney E Venker, Julia L Evans

  • 1Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1500 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705.

Applied Psycholinguistics
|July 31, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Late-talking toddlers struggle with fast mapping, impacting new and familiar word learning. Their language development is linked to this skill and shows less sensitivity to word characteristics.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Linguistics
  • Child Language Acquisition

Background:

  • Fast mapping is crucial for vocabulary acquisition in toddlers.
  • Late-talking (LT) toddlers often exhibit language delays compared to typically developing peers.
  • Understanding the specific challenges LT toddlers face in word learning is essential for early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate fast mapping abilities in late-talking (LT) toddlers compared to toddlers with normal language (NL) development.
  • To examine the relationship between fast mapping performance and concurrent/later language outcomes in both groups.
  • To explore the influence of phonotactic probability (PP) and neighborhood density (ND) on word learning in LT and NL toddlers.

Main Methods:

  • A fast mapping task involving novel object labels and familiar words was administered.
  • Participants included LT toddlers and age-matched NL toddlers with similar nonverbal cognition and maternal education.
  • Performance was assessed for novel word comprehension/production and familiar word production.

Main Results:

  • LT toddlers performed significantly worse than NL toddlers in novel word comprehension and production, and familiar word production.
  • Fast mapping performance in both groups correlated with current language abilities and future language outcomes.
  • NL toddlers showed optimal nonword learning with low PP/ND, a sensitivity not observed in the LT group.

Conclusions:

  • Late-talking toddlers exhibit deficits in fast mapping, affecting both novel and familiar word learning.
  • Fast mapping ability is a significant predictor of language development trajectory in toddlers.
  • LT toddlers may lack the sensitivity to phonological characteristics (PP/ND) that aids word learning in typically developing children.