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Related Concept Videos

Sperm Structure and Semen Composition01:22

Sperm Structure and Semen Composition

During ejaculation, males release around 2-5 milliliters of semen, which is a complex mixture of mature sperm and various fluids produced by accessory glands. The mature sperm cells measure approximately 60 micrometers in length and consist of a head, neck, midpiece, and tail. The head is flattened and tapered, measuring about 4 to 5 micrometers in length. It contains a nucleus with condensed chromosomes and an acrosome, a cap-like structure filled with enzymes essential for penetrating the...
Spermatogenesis01:41

Spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis is the process by which haploid sperm cells are produced in the male testes. It starts with stem cells located close to the outer rim of seminiferous tubules. These spermatogonial stem cells divide asymmetrically to give rise to additional stem cells (meaning that these structures “self-renew”), as well as sperm progenitors, called spermatocytes. Importantly, this method of asymmetric mitotic division maintains a population of spermatogonial stem cells in the male reproductive...
Spermatogenesis01:22

Spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis is a complex process that involves the development of sperm cells from undifferentiated stem cells in the seminiferous tubules of the testes. The process is essential for the production of mature and functional sperm cells that are capable of fertilizing an egg.
The process of spermatogenesis can be divided into mitosis, meiosis, and spermiogenesis. During mitosis, the spermatogonia or stem cells divide to produce two identical daughter cells, type A and B spermatogonia. Type-A...
Sperm Transport01:15

Sperm Transport

The journey of sperm from its origin to the point of ejaculation begins within the seminiferous tubules of the testis. Here, Sertoli cells produce fluid that propels non-motile sperm through a series of conduits, starting with the straight tubules leading to the rete testis. This interconnected network of tubules acts as the initial pathway for sperm, guiding them into the efferent ductules and then into the epididymis for maturation.
The maturation phase occurs in the epididymis, where sperm...
Fertilization01:38

Fertilization

During fertilization, an egg and sperm cell fuse to create a new diploid structure. In humans, the process occurs once the egg has been released from the ovary, and travels into the fallopian tubes. The process requires several key steps: 1) sperm present in the genital tract must locate the egg; 2) once there, sperm need to release enzymes to help them burrow through the protective zona pellucida of the egg; and 3) the membranes of a single sperm cell and egg must fuse, with the sperm...
Mate Choice01:20

Mate Choice

Mate choice—the decision about whom to mate with—is a type of natural selection, since animals must reproduce to pass down their genes. Mate choice is also called intersexual selection because the behavior occurs between the sexes.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

Measuring Sperm Guidance and Motility within the Caenorhabditis elegans Hermaphrodite Reproductive Tract
10:07

Measuring Sperm Guidance and Motility within the Caenorhabditis elegans Hermaphrodite Reproductive Tract

Published on: June 6, 2019

How mammals pack their sperm: a variant matter.

Ana Boskovic1, Maria-Elena Torres-Padilla

  • 1U964, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale INSERM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, F-67404 Illkirch, Cu de Strasbourg, France.

Genes & Development
|August 6, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Spermatogenesis involves nuclear genome packaging changes. Researchers found the histone variant TH2B plays a key role in regulating the transition to a protamine-packaged genome after meiosis.

Keywords:
BRDTH2AZhistone evictionmale contraceptionmale infertilityreprogrammingsex chromosome inactivation

More Related Videos

Harvesting Sperm and Artificial Insemination of Mice
10:00

Harvesting Sperm and Artificial Insemination of Mice

Published on: April 28, 2007

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 9, 2026

Measuring Sperm Guidance and Motility within the Caenorhabditis elegans Hermaphrodite Reproductive Tract
10:07

Measuring Sperm Guidance and Motility within the Caenorhabditis elegans Hermaphrodite Reproductive Tract

Published on: June 6, 2019

Harvesting Sperm and Artificial Insemination of Mice
10:00

Harvesting Sperm and Artificial Insemination of Mice

Published on: April 28, 2007

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive biology
  • Molecular genetics
  • Cell biology

Background:

  • Gamete production is crucial for genetic inheritance across generations.
  • Spermatogenesis involves significant nuclear genome restructuring after meiosis.
  • Spermatids transition from histone- to protamine-based genome packaging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular mechanisms governing genome packaging transition in spermatids.
  • To identify the role of specific histone variants in regulating this process.

Main Methods:

  • The study focused on the molecular mechanisms of genome packaging in spermatids.
  • Investigated the function of histone variant TH2B in this transition.

Main Results:

  • The histone variant TH2B was found to have a regulatory function in genome packaging.
  • This research elucidates a novel role for TH2B in spermatid nuclear remodeling.

Conclusions:

  • Histone variant TH2B is essential for regulating the transition to a protamine-packaged genome.
  • This finding advances understanding of the molecular basis of spermatogenesis and genome transmission.