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Published on: February 20, 2015
Evaluating the resistance of eimeria spp. Field isolates to anticoccidial drugs using three different indices
F Arabkhazaeli1, M Modrisanei, S Nabian
1Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Iran.
Background:
In this study, the presence of resistance to diclazuril, amprolium+ethopabate and salinomycin, representing some of the commonest anticoccidials in Iran's poultry industry, against three mixed Eimeria field isolates were investigated.
Methods:
Three Eimeria field isolates, collected from typical broiler farms in Iran, were propagated once, inoculated to 480 broilers, comprising 30 chicks in each treatment. The non-medicated or medicated diets containing one of the above mentioned anticoccidials were provided ad-lib. Drug efficacy was determined using the Global index (GI), Anticoccidial Sensitivity Test (AST) and Optimum Anticoccidial Activity (OAA).
Results:
None of the field isolates were fully sensitive to the selected anticoccidials. All isolates showed reduced sensitivity/partial resistance to salinomycin. Resistance to amprolium+ethopabate was evident and partial to complete resistance was recorded for diclazuril.
Conclusion:
Limited efficacy of the selected anticoccidials is obvious. Considering the cost of continuous use of anticoccidials in the field, altering the prevention strategy and rotation of the anticoccidials with better efficacy, would prevent further economic losses induced by coccidiosis.
Insights
Poultry coccidiosis in Iran shows resistance to common anticoccidials like diclazuril and salinomycin. This necessitates a change in prevention strategies to avoid economic losses from Eimeria infections.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Parasitology
- Poultry Health
- Antimicrobial Resistance
Background:
- Coccidiosis is a significant parasitic disease in poultry, impacting the global industry.
- Anticoccidial drugs are widely used in poultry farming to control Eimeria infections.
- Resistance to commonly used anticoccidials is a growing concern in poultry production.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the resistance patterns of Eimeria field isolates to key anticoccidials in Iran.
- To assess the efficacy of diclazuril, amprolium+ethopabate, and salinomycin against mixed Eimeria isolates.
- To inform strategies for managing coccidiosis in Iranian broiler farms.
Main Methods:
- Three mixed Eimeria field isolates were obtained from Iranian broiler farms.
- 480 broilers were divided into treatment groups, each receiving a specific anticoccidial or a control diet.
- Drug efficacy was evaluated using the Global Index (GI), Anticoccidial Sensitivity Test (AST), and Optimum Anticoccidial Activity (OAA).
Main Results:
- No Eimeria field isolates exhibited full sensitivity to the tested anticoccidials.
- Reduced sensitivity and partial resistance were observed for salinomycin across all isolates.
- Partial to complete resistance to diclazuril and amprolium+ethopabate was evident in the field isolates.
Conclusions:
- The study highlights the limited efficacy of commonly used anticoccidials against Eimeria in Iranian poultry.
- Continuous use of anticoccidials contributes to resistance, necessitating a review of current control measures.
- Altering prevention strategies and rotating anticoccidials are crucial to mitigate economic losses from coccidiosis.
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