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Related Concept Videos

Relative Motion Analysis - Velocity01:24

Relative Motion Analysis - Velocity

A stroke engine has a slider-crank mechanism that converts rotational motion from the crank into linear motion of the slider or vice versa. This mechanism consists of three main parts: the crank, the connecting rod, and the slider.
When an external force is exerted, it sets the crank into a rotational movement. This, in turn, instigates the motion of the connecting rod, leading to what is referred to as a general plane motion. This process involves two key points - point A on the connecting rod...
Relative Motion Analysis - Acceleration01:10

Relative Motion Analysis - Acceleration

A slider-crank mechanism converts rotational motion from the crank into linear motion of the slider or vice versa. This mechanism consists of three main parts: the crank, the connecting rod, and the slider. The movement of the slider-crank is an example of general plane motion as the fluctuating angle between the crank and the connecting rod. Consider a segment AB where point A is at the end of the slider and point B is on the diametrically opposite end to point A, on a crack. The variance in...
Relative Motion Analysis using Rotating Axes01:25

Relative Motion Analysis using Rotating Axes

Consider a component AB undergoing a linear motion. Along with a linear motion, point B also rotates around point A. To comprehend this complex movement, position vectors for both points A and B are established using a stationary reference frame.
However, to express the relative position of point B relative to point A, an additional frame of reference, denoted as x'y', is necessary. This additional frame not only translates but also rotates relative to the fixed frame, making it instrumental in...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Relative Motion Analysis using Rotating Axes - Acceleration01:22

Relative Motion Analysis using Rotating Axes - Acceleration

Consider a component AB undergoing a linear motion. Along with a linear motion, point B also rotates around point A. To comprehend this complex movement, position vectors for both points A and B are established using a stationary reference frame. The absolute velocity of point B is determined by adding the absolute velocity of point A, the relative velocity of point B in the rotating frame, and the effects caused by the angular velocity within the rotating frame.
Time differentiation is...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus01:19

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus

The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

In Vivo Quantification of Hip Arthrokinematics during Dynamic Weight-bearing Activities using Dual Fluoroscopy
07:43

In Vivo Quantification of Hip Arthrokinematics during Dynamic Weight-bearing Activities using Dual Fluoroscopy

Published on: July 2, 2021

Relative motion at the bone-prosthesis interface.

M Keja1, H W Wevers, D Siu

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.

Clinical Biomechanics (Bristol, Avon)
|August 7, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Minimizing interface micromotion is key for bone ingrowth in joint implants. A prototype implant with perimeter fixation showed significantly less bone motion than a control prosthesis, suggesting improved long-term fixation potential.

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Oscillation and Reaction Board Techniques for Estimating Inertial Properties of a Below-knee Prosthesis
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Published on: May 8, 2014

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Last Updated: May 9, 2026

In Vivo Quantification of Hip Arthrokinematics during Dynamic Weight-bearing Activities using Dual Fluoroscopy
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Oscillation and Reaction Board Techniques for Estimating Inertial Properties of a Below-knee Prosthesis
08:08

Oscillation and Reaction Board Techniques for Estimating Inertial Properties of a Below-knee Prosthesis

Published on: May 8, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Achieving long-term fixation of human joint implants relies on bone ingrowth into porous surfaces, crucial for physically active patients.
  • Current clinical results indicate limited bone ingrowth (10-20%) on prosthetic surfaces, with interface micromotion identified as a significant inhibiting factor.
  • Relative motion between the implant and bone during load-bearing impedes osseointegration and fixation stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To mathematically investigate interface micromotion between a prototype tibial implant and bone.
  • To assess the impact of fixation methods (perimeter vs. midcondylar pin) on micromotion.
  • To evaluate the influence of plate thickness and stiffness on relative bone motion.

Main Methods:

  • Mathematical modeling of interface micromotion (transverse reversible relative motion) at the bone-implant interface.
  • Comparison of a prototype flat metal tibial implant with perimeter fixation against a clinically used PCA prosthesis with midcondylar pin fixation.
  • Analysis of micromotion at critical locations, including the tibial eminence and midcondylar line, under load-bearing conditions.

Main Results:

  • The prototype design, featuring perimeter fixation, demonstrated significantly reduced reversible relative bone motion (maximum 37 μm) compared to the PCA control (maximum 101 μm).
  • The prototype exhibited 38% of the relative reversible bone motion observed in the PCA prosthesis, indicating superior interface stability.
  • Micromotion was largest at the tibial eminence in the prototype and at the perimeter midcondylar line in the PCA prosthesis, with zero motion at the PCA pegs.

Conclusions:

  • Perimeter fixation in the prototype tibial implant design effectively minimizes interface micromotion, a critical factor for enhancing bone ingrowth.
  • The prototype's design shows potential for improved long-term implant fixation compared to traditional midcondylar peg fixation methods.
  • Reducing interface micromotion is a viable strategy to promote osseointegration and improve clinical outcomes for joint replacement patients.