A new kaempferol trioside from Silphium perfoliatum

Area of Science:

• Phytochemistry
• Pharmacology
• Natural Products Chemistry

Background:

• Silphium perfoliatum L. is a medicinal plant with a rich history of traditional use.
• Flavonoids and their glycosides are known for diverse biological activities.
• Isolation and characterization of novel compounds from medicinal plants are crucial for drug discovery.

Purpose of the Study:

• To isolate and characterize novel and known compounds from Silphium perfoliatum L.
• To elucidate the structure of a new apiose-containing kaempferol trioside.
• To evaluate the pharmacological activity of the isolated new compound.

Main Methods:

• Extraction of Silphium perfoliatum L. using 50% acetone.
• Isolation of compounds using chromatographic techniques.
• Structure elucidation via acid hydrolysis and comprehensive spectroscopic methods (UV, IR, MS, NMR).
• In vitro pharmacological testing on HepG2 cells and murine lymphocytes.

Main Results:

• Isolation of a new apiose-containing kaempferol trioside (kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-(1‴ → 6″)-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-7-O-β-D-apiofuranoside) and 16 known compounds.
• Successful elucidation of the structure of the new compound.
• Compound 1 exhibited significant inhibition of HepG2 cell proliferation.
• Compound 1 demonstrated immunosuppressive activity on splenic and thymic lymphocytes.

Conclusions:

• A new kaempferol trioside glycoside was identified from Silphium perfoliatum L.
• The isolated compound possesses cytotoxic and immunosuppressive properties.
• These findings highlight the potential of Silphium perfoliatum L. as a source for novel therapeutic agents.