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Pyrosequencing for Microbial Identification and Characterization

Pyrosequencing for Microbial Identification and Characterization

Published on: August 22, 2013

Microbial flora of cochlear implants by gene pyrosequencing.

Patrick J Antonelli¹, Carolyn P Ojano-Dirain

¹Department of Otolaryngology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610-0264, USA. pa@ufl.edu

Otology & Neurotology : Official Publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [And] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology

|August 8, 2013

Summary

Bacteria are present on all cochlear implants (CIs), with different species found in infected versus non-infected devices. Staphylococcus aureus is more common in infected CIs, guiding treatment strategies.

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Area of Science:

Otolaryngology
Microbiology
Infectious Diseases

Background:

Cochlear implants (CIs) can be associated with microbial colonization.
Understanding the microbial flora of CIs is crucial for managing infections.

Purpose of the Study:

To characterize the microbial communities on cochlear implants (CIs) removed for both infectious and non-infectious reasons.
To compare microbial profiles between infected and non-infected CIs.

Main Methods:

Prospective, controlled study at an academic tertiary medical center.
Microbial analysis of explanted CIs using aseptic techniques.
Identification via routine culture, speciation, and 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) 454-pyrosequencing.

Main Results:

All explanted CIs harbored microbial evidence.
Propionibacterium acnes and Acidovorax facilis were more prevalent on non-infected CIs.
Staphylococcus aureus was significantly more common on infected CIs.
Microbial profiles differed between infected and non-infected CIs, with some overlap.
Selective culture identified pathogens missed by pyrosequencing.

Conclusions:

Cochlear implants consistently host bacteria, irrespective of clinical infection status.
Distinct bacterial species are associated with infected versus non-infected CIs.
Empirical treatment for CI infections should target Staphylococcus aureus.
Combined use of gene sequencing and selective culture offers complementary diagnostic insights for CI infections.