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Acute corneal hydrops in keratoconus
Prafulla K Maharana1, Namrata Sharma, Rasik B Vajpayee
1Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
|August 9, 2013
Summary
Acute corneal hydrops, a vision-impairing condition, involves stromal edema from aqueous leakage. While conservative treatment may resolve it in months, surgical intervention or keratoplasty might be needed for visual rehabilitation.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Corneal Diseases
- Vision Science
Background:
- Acute corneal hydrops is characterized by stromal edema caused by aqueous leakage through a tear in Descemet's membrane.
- Symptoms include sudden vision decrease, photophobia, and pain.
- Underlying causes often involve corneal thinning and ectasias, frequently exacerbated by eye rubbing.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the understanding and management of acute corneal hydrops.
- To highlight diagnostic and surgical approaches for this condition.
- To discuss visual rehabilitation strategies following hydrops resolution.
Main Methods:
- Review of the pathophysiology of acute corneal hydrops.
- Description of clinical presentation and diagnostic tools, including anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT).
- Overview of conservative and surgical management options, such as intracameral air/gas injection.
Main Results:
- Conservative management typically resolves hydrops in 2-3 months.
- Surgical intervention is indicated for non-resolving edema to prevent complications and facilitate visual recovery.
- AS-OCT is valuable for diagnosis, surgical planning, and follow-up.
Conclusions:
- Acute corneal hydrops requires prompt diagnosis and management.
- While some cases resolve with conservative care, others necessitate surgical intervention or keratoplasty for optimal visual outcomes.
- Improved contact lens tolerance and visual acuity can occur post-resolution, but keratoplasty remains crucial for many patients.
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