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Related Concept Videos

The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
Active Filters01:25

Active Filters

Active filters are electronic circuits that use operational amplifiers (op-amps), resistors, and capacitors to filter out unwanted frequency components from a signal. A first-order low-pass active filter is designed to pass signals with a frequency lower than a certain cutoff frequency and attenuate frequencies higher than that cutoff frequency. The transfer function for a first-order low-pass active filter is:
Op Amp AC Circuits01:18

Op Amp AC Circuits

Within an audio system, the filter circuit plays a pivotal role in processing the amplified audio signal from an amplifier. Its primary function is significantly attenuating signal components with lower frequencies, thereby shaping the audio output. This circuit's operations are examined, focusing on the fundamental filter configuration. This configuration involves an operational amplifier arranged in an inverting setup coupled with resistors (R1 and R2) and a capacitor (C1).
Hearing01:31

Hearing

When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
Passive Filters01:27

Passive Filters

Passive filters are utilized to shape the frequency spectrum of signals across a diverse array of applications. These filters, using only passive elements like resistors (R), inductors (L), and capacitors (C), are capable of selectively allowing or blocking certain frequency ranges without the need for external power sources.
Low-Pass Filters
Low-pass filters are designed to transmit signals with frequencies lower than the cutoff frequency, ωc, and attenuate those above it. The cutoff frequency...

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Related Experiment Video

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A Method to Study Adaptation to Left-Right Reversed Audition
07:14

A Method to Study Adaptation to Left-Right Reversed Audition

Published on: October 29, 2018

Bayesian adaptive estimation of the auditory filter.

Yi Shen1, Virginia M Richards

  • 1Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of California, Irvine, 3151 Social Science Plaza, Irvine, California 92687-5100, USA. shen.yi@uci.edu

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|August 10, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new Bayesian adaptive procedure estimates auditory-filter shapes efficiently in listeners. This quick-auditory-filter (qAF) method shows promise for understanding auditory processing and masking effects.

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Area of Science:

  • Auditory Neuroscience
  • Psychoacoustics

Background:

  • Auditory-filter shape is crucial for understanding sound perception.
  • Traditional methods for estimating auditory filters can be time-consuming.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a Bayesian adaptive procedure for estimating auditory-filter shape.
  • To compare the efficiency and accuracy of the new procedure against traditional methods.

Main Methods:

  • A quick-auditory-filter (qAF) procedure was developed using a Bayesian adaptive approach.
  • The auditory filter was modeled using a two-parameter rounded-exponential (roex) function.
  • Listeners detected signals in noise, with parameters updated based on responses.

Main Results:

  • The qAF procedure yielded parameter estimates comparable to traditional methods.
  • The qAF procedure could reasonably predict masked signal thresholds.
  • Including a lapse-of-attention parameter improved the procedure's convergence reliability.

Conclusions:

  • The Bayesian adaptive qAF procedure offers an efficient alternative for estimating auditory-filter shapes.
  • The qAF procedure shows potential for research in auditory processing and masking.
  • Addressing attentional lapses enhances the robustness of adaptive auditory measurements.