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RNA-seq

RNA-seq

RNA sequencing, or RNA-Seq, is a high-throughput sequencing technology used to study the transcriptome of a cell. Transcriptomics helps to interpret the functional elements of a genome and identify the molecular constituents of an organism. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the development of an organism and the occurrence of diseases.
Before the discovery of RNA-seq, microarray-based methods and Sanger sequencing were used for transcriptome analysis. However, while microarray-based...

Next-generation Sequencing

Next-generation Sequencing

The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features.

Sanger Sequencing

Sanger Sequencing

DNA sequencing is a fundamental technique that is routinely used in the biological sciences. This method can be applied to a range of questions at different scales - from the sequencing of a cloned DNA fragment or the study of a mutation in a gene up to whole-genome sequencing. However, despite the widespread use of sequencing today, it was not until 1977 that Fredrick Sanger and his collaborators developed the chain-termination method to decode DNA sequences. It relies on the separation of a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 9, 2026

An Ultrahigh-throughput Microfluidic Platform for Single-cell Genome Sequencing

An Ultrahigh-throughput Microfluidic Platform for Single-cell Genome Sequencing

Published on: May 23, 2018

Single-cell semiconductor sequencing.

Andrea B Kohn¹, Tatiana P Moroz, Jeffrey P Barnes

¹The Whitney Laboratory for Marine Biosciences, University of Florida, Saint Augustine, FL, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)

|August 10, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

New RNA sequencing methods enable fast, cost-efficient transcriptome analysis from single cells and small tissues. These techniques are crucial for understanding cellular heterogeneity in fields like developmental biology and neuroscience.

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Last Updated: May 9, 2026

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Multiplexed Single Cell mRNA Sequencing Analysis of Mouse Embryonic Cells

Multiplexed Single Cell mRNA Sequencing Analysis of Mouse Embryonic Cells

Published on: January 7, 2020

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Genomics
Neuroscience

Background:

Transcriptome analysis of individual cells and small populations is vital across biomedical research.
Cellular heterogeneity in developmental biology, aging, cancer, and neuroscience presents significant challenges.
Existing methods can be time-consuming and costly for ultra-small samples.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop fast and cost-efficient RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) protocols for ultra-small tissue amounts and single cells.
To adapt semiconductor sequencing technology (Ion Torrent) for sensitive transcriptome profiling.

Main Methods:

Developed two distinct RNA-seq protocols: reduced representation sequencing and a template-switch protocol.
Reduced representation sequencing maximizes RNA capture and preserves transcript directionality.
Template-switch protocol specifically designed for small mammalian neurons.

Main Results:

Both protocols provide complete transcriptome data from cell/tissue isolation to sequence data within 4 days.
Validated efficiency using single hippocampal neurons and diverse invertebrate tissues (Aplysia neurons, early embryos).

Conclusions:

These novel RNA-seq methods offer a rapid and economical solution for analyzing transcriptomes from challenging ultra-small biological samples.
The protocols are broadly applicable to various fields, including developmental biology, neuroscience, and aging research, by addressing cellular heterogeneity.