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Updated: May 9, 2026

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Paired with Total Vaporization Solid-Phase Microextraction as a Forensic Tool
Published on: May 25, 2021
Method development and validation for determining 1,3-butadiene in human blood by gas chromatography-mass
Su-Jing Zhang1, Bao-Hua Shen, Xian-Yi Zhuo
1College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China. ivy-yuonly@163.com
Abstract:
To develop a simple, validated method for identifying and quantifying 1,3-butadiene (BD) in human blood by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and head-space gas chromatography (HS-GC). BD was identified by GC-MS and HS-GC, and quantified by HS-GC. The method showed that BD had a good linearity from 50 to 500 microg/mL (r > 0.99). The limits of detection and quantification were 10 microg/mL and 50 microg/mL, respectively. Both the intra-day precision and inter-day precision were < 6.08%, and the accuracy was 96.98%-103.81%. The method was applied to an actual case, and the concentration of BD in the case was 242 microg/mL in human blood. This simple method is found to be useful for the routine forensic analysis of acute exposure to BD.
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