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Aortic stenosis: role of balloon aortic valvuloplasty

Usman Baber1, Annapoorna S Kini, Pedro R Moreno

  • 1Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY 10029, USA.

Cardiology Clinics
|August 13, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Calcific aortic stenosis (AS), a common heart valve disease in older adults, affects nearly 4% of those 75+. Balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) offers symptomatic relief and temporary hemodynamic stabilization for high-risk patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Valvular Heart Disease

Background:

  • Calcific aortic stenosis (AS) is the most prevalent form of aortic valve disease globally.
  • Its incidence rises significantly with increasing age, affecting nearly 4% of adults aged 75 and older.
  • Many patients with AS are unsuitable for surgery due to comorbidities or high-risk factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the role of balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) in managing calcific aortic stenosis.
  • To discuss BAV as a palliative measure for symptomatic relief in high-risk patients.
  • To explore BAV's utility as a bridge to definitive valve replacement therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current clinical practices and literature regarding balloon aortic valvuloplasty for AS.
  • Analysis of BAV's efficacy in providing temporary palliation and hemodynamic stabilization.
  • Evaluation of BAV's role in the treatment algorithm for severe aortic stenosis in non-surgical candidates.

Main Results:

  • Balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) provides temporary symptomatic relief for patients with severe aortic stenosis.
  • BAV is a viable option for hemodynamic stabilization in select AS patients.
  • It serves as a crucial bridge therapy for patients awaiting surgical or transcatheter valve replacement.

Conclusions:

  • Balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) remains an important therapeutic option for calcific aortic stenosis, particularly in elderly and high-risk populations.
  • BAV offers palliative benefits and hemodynamic support when surgery is not feasible.
  • Its role as a bridge to more definitive treatments is well-established.

Keywords:
Aortic stenosisAortic valve replacementBalloon aortic valvuloplastyTranscatheter aortic valve replacement

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