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Nerve Ultrasound Protocol to Detect Dysimmune Neuropathies

Nerve Ultrasound Protocol to Detect Dysimmune Neuropathies

Published on: October 7, 2021

Antibody testing in peripheral nerve disorders.

Andreas Steck¹, Nobuhiro Yuki, Francesc Graus

¹Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology

|August 13, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Autoantibodies targeting specific gangliosides and myelin proteins are crucial for diagnosing peripheral nerve disorders like neuropathies. Understanding their immunopathogenesis aids in better diagnosis and treatment strategies for these conditions.

Keywords:

Guillain–Barré syndrome MAG autoantibody dysimmune ganglioside molecular mimicry neuropathy onconeural

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Published on: June 25, 2019

Area of Science:

Neurology
Immunology
Pathophysiology

Background:

Autoantibodies are key in characterizing peripheral nerve disorders.
Specific antibodies aid in diagnosing various neuropathies, including motor, sensory, and paraneoplastic types.
Understanding antibody origins and detection is vital for diagnostic accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe autoantibodies as diagnostic markers for dysimmune neuropathies.
To elucidate the immunopathogenesis of antibody-mediated neuropathies.
To review studies demonstrating antibody binding and pathophysiological effects in peripheral nerves.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on autoantibodies in neuropathies.
Analysis of studies showing antibody-target tissue binding in peripheral nerves.
Examination of electrophysiological and histological changes in human and animal models.

Main Results:

Antibodies to GM1, GQ1b, disialylated gangliosides, and anti-MAG are useful for diagnosing motor/sensory neuropathies.
Anti-onconeural antibodies (anti-Hu, anti-CV2/CRMP) aid in diagnosing paraneoplastic neuropathies.
Demonstrated antibody binding to peripheral nerve tissues causes pathophysiological effects.

Conclusions:

Autoantibodies are indispensable diagnostic markers for dysimmune neuropathies.
Understanding immunopathogenesis enhances comprehension of antibody-mediated nerve damage.
Electrophysiological and histological findings support the role of antibodies in neuropathy.