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Functional Characterization of RING-Type E3 Ubiquitin Ligases In Vitro and In Planta
Published on: December 5, 2019
Root-derived CLE glycopeptides control nodulation by direct binding to HAR1 receptor kinase
Satoru Okamoto1, Hidefumi Shinohara, Tomoko Mori
1National Institute for Basic Biology, Nishigonaka 38, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan.
Nature Communications
|August 13, 2013
Summary
Autoregulation of nodulation in legumes is controlled by CLE-RS peptides. These glycopeptides, produced in roots, signal to shoots via the HAR1 receptor, regulating nitrogen fixation.
Area of Science:
- Plant biology
- Molecular signaling
- Symbiotic interactions
Background:
- Legumes form nitrogen-fixing symbioses with rhizobia.
- Autoregulation of nodulation (AON) is a root-to-shoot-to-root feedback mechanism controlling symbiosis.
- The roles of root-expressed CLE-RS genes and shoot-localized HAR1 receptor in AON are not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the molecular nature of CLE-RS gene products.
- To investigate the mechanism of CLE-RS/HAR1 signaling in Lotus japonicus.
- To identify the mobile signals mediating AON.
Main Methods:
- Chemical synthesis of CLE-RS glycopeptides.
- In vitro binding assays between CLE-RS glycopeptides and HAR1.
- Analysis of CLE-RS2 glycopeptide presence in xylem sap.
Main Results:
- CLE-RS2 is a post-translationally modified arabinosylated glycopeptide.
- Synthesized CLE-RS glycopeptides suppress nodulation and bind to HAR1.
- CLE-RS2 glycopeptide is detected in xylem sap, indicating long-distance transport.
Conclusions:
- CLE-RS glycopeptides are the mobile signals initiating AON.
- Arabinosylation and specific peptide sequence are crucial for HAR1 binding and signaling.
- This study reveals the molecular basis of long-distance signaling in legume symbiosis.
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