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Auto-antibody profile in systemic lupus erythematosus
N Jayaram1, B K Sharma, S Sehgal
1Department of Immunopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh.
Indian Journal of Pathology & Microbiology
|January 1, 1990
Summary
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) autoantibody profiles vary by sex. Antihistone and anti-nRNP antibodies are common and associated with milder clinical disease in SLE patients.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Rheumatology
- Autoimmunity
Background:
- Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease.
- Understanding autoantibody profiles is crucial for disease characterization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence and clinical associations of various autoantibodies in SLE patients.
- To explore differences in manifestations and autoantibody frequencies between sexes.
Main Methods:
- Serum samples from 30 SLE patients (diagnosed by revised ARA criteria) were analyzed for autoantibodies.
- Autoantibody detection included antinuclear factor (ANF), anti-DNA, anti-Sm, anti-nRNP, and antihistone antibodies.
- Clinical manifestations and disease severity were correlated with autoantibody presence.
Main Results:
- Joint manifestations were the most common presentation; frequencies differed between sexes.
- Antinuclear factor (ANF) was detected in 28/30 cases, with a diffuse pattern being most common.
- Antibodies to DNA (9 cases) were linked to more severe disease, while anti-Sm, anti-nRNP, and antihistone antibodies (found in 8, 19, and 22 cases respectively) were associated with milder disease.
Conclusions:
- Autoantibody profiles, including ANF, anti-DNA, anti-Sm, anti-nRNP, and antihistone antibodies, are prevalent in SLE.
- Certain autoantibodies like antihistone and anti-nRNP may indicate a milder clinical course in SLE.