Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hyperglycemia01:29

Hyperglycemia

Hyperglycemia is an abnormally high blood glucose level. It is diagnosed by fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL, 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (or OGTT) ≥200 mg/dL, random glucose ≥200 mg/dL with symptoms, or HbA1c ≥6.5%. However, HbA1c results may be unreliable in certain conditions, such as anemia or hemoglobinopathies, and the diagnosis should be confirmed unless classic symptoms are present. Postprandial hyperglycemia is typically considered significant when glucose levels exceed 180 mg/dL two...
Glucose Transporters01:27

Glucose Transporters

Glucose transporters facilitate the transport of glucose across the cell membrane. In addition to glucose, some glucose transporters can also aid the movement of other hexoses such as fructose, mannose, and galactose.
Facilitated diffusion-glucose transporters (GLUTs) are encoded by the solute-linked carrier (SLC) family 2, subfamily A gene family, or SLC2A. The 14 GLUT protein members are distributed into three classes:
Glucose Absorption Into the Small Intestine01:26

Glucose Absorption Into the Small Intestine

Complex carbohydrates consumed cannot be absorbed into the small intestine in their original form. First, they must be hydrolyzed to a monosaccharide form such as glucose or galactose. These monosaccharides are then transported across the intestinal membrane and into the blood via transcellular transport. The intestinal epithelial cells allow the movement of these monosaccharides with a defined 'entry' through membrane transporter proteins present on their apical membrane and 'exit' via the...
Comparing Experimental Results: Student's t-Test01:09

Comparing Experimental Results: Student's t-Test

The t-test is a statistical method used to compare the sample mean with a population mean or compare two means from two data sets. The test statistic is calculated from the standard deviation, mean, and number of measurements in the data set at a selected confidence interval and then compared to a table of critical values at this confidence level. If the test statistic is smaller than the critical value, the null hypothesis is accepted. In this case, we state that the difference between the...
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides01:06

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides

Repaglinide (Prandin) and Nateglinide (Starlix), known as glinides, are oral insulin secretagogues that stimulate insulin release from pancreatic β cells by closing the ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channel). Repaglinide controls insulin release from pancreatic β cells by managing potassium efflux. It shares two binding sites with sulfonylureas and also has a unique site, indicating overlapping mechanisms of action. With a rapid onset and a 4-7 hour duration, it effectively manages...
Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose01:02

Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose

Carbohydrates consumed through foods are converted into glucose, a crucial energy source for the body. In the prandial state, high blood glucose levels stimulate the secretion of insulin from the pancreas. Insulin inhibits hepatic glucose production and stimulates glucose uptake and metabolism by muscle and adipose tissue. The excess glucose is converted into glycogen and stored in the liver and muscles.
During fasting, when blood glucose levels are low, the pancreas secretes glucagon. it...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Extended Follow-up of Type 1 Diabetes Immunotherapy Trial Participants Suggests Benign Side Effect Profile.

Diabetes care·2026
Same author

C-Peptide Provides Critical Contextual Insight Into Elevated Glucose Values During Progression to Type 1 Diabetes.

Diabetes care·2026
Same author

Impact of Body Size on Preclinical Type 1 Diabetes Development and Progression.

Diabetes care·2026
Same author

Predicting the Timing of the Metabolic Inflection Point in Type 1 Diabetes Progression Using Machine Learning and Survival Analysis Models.

Diabetes·2026
Same author

Pulmonary manifestations of granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis.

Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism·2026
Same author

Baseline Serum Metabolites as Predictors of Teplizumab Response in Individuals with Type 1 Diabetes.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2026
Same journal

Mapping Lifestyle Factors in Blood Glucose Variability in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Pilot Study.

Pediatric diabetes·2026
Same journal

Achieving Glycemic Targets in and out-of-School: Real-World Data From 1341 Italian Children Using the MiniMed 780G System During Auto Mode.

Pediatric diabetes·2026
Same journal

Sex-Specific BMI Trajectories in Young People With Type 1 Diabetes: A 20-Year Retrospective Regional Audit.

Pediatric diabetes·2026
Same journal

Treatment of Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes: Focus on SGLT-2 Inhibitor Use.

Pediatric diabetes·2026
Same journal

Pediatric Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1B (<i>HNF1B</i>) Disease: Diabetes and Endocrine Manifestations.

Pediatric diabetes·2026
Same journal

Epidemiological Trends and Seasonal Patterns in Childhood Type 1 Diabetes: Insights From 2001 to 2024 in Lithuania.

Pediatric diabetes·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Characterization of Metabolic Status in Nonhuman Primates with the Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test
06:59

Characterization of Metabolic Status in Nonhuman Primates with the Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test

Published on: November 13, 2016

First test effect in intravenous glucose tolerance testing.

Heba M Ismail1, Kama S White, Jeffrey P Krischer

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.

Pediatric Diabetes
|August 16, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The first intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) may show lower insulin secretion compared to the second test. This "first test effect" is due to changes in beta-cell secretion, not liver insulin processing.

Keywords:
IVGTTfirst phase insulinfirst test effect

More Related Videos

Study of In Vivo Glucose Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Mice Using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and Insulin Tolerance Test (ITT)
08:13

Study of In Vivo Glucose Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Mice Using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and Insulin Tolerance Test (ITT)

Published on: January 7, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 8, 2026

Characterization of Metabolic Status in Nonhuman Primates with the Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test
06:59

Characterization of Metabolic Status in Nonhuman Primates with the Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test

Published on: November 13, 2016

Study of In Vivo Glucose Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Mice Using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and Insulin Tolerance Test (ITT)
08:13

Study of In Vivo Glucose Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Mice Using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and Insulin Tolerance Test (ITT)

Published on: January 7, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Research
  • Diabetes Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Intravenous glucose tolerance testing (IVGTT) assesses beta-cell function.
  • The initial IVGTT might be affected by stress, potentially altering results.
  • Understanding test variability is crucial for accurate diabetes risk assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if there is a
  • first test effect
  • in IVGTT results.

Main Methods:

  • Compared insulin and C-peptide responses from two sequential IVGTTs in 368 high-risk individuals.
  • Analyzed early insulin secretion (1+3 min) and insulin AUC.
  • Examined the C-peptide to insulin ratio to differentiate secretion vs. hepatic uptake.

Main Results:

  • Over half of subjects had lower values on the first IVGTT compared to the second.
  • This effect was significant for basal-corrected insulin and insulin AUC.
  • Individuals with very low initial insulin response showed improvement on the second test.

Conclusions:

  • A statistically significant
  • first test effect
  • is observed in IVGTT.
  • This effect is attributed to variations in insulin secretion, not hepatic insulin uptake.