Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Myasthenia Gravis ll: Pathophysiology01:22

Myasthenia Gravis ll: Pathophysiology

The disease process of myasthenia gravis begins at the neuromuscular junction, where antibodies attack key proteins needed for muscle activation. This immune reaction weakens signal transmission, leading to the characteristic muscle fatigue and weakness that define the condition.Immune-Mediated DamageIn most individuals, antibodies target acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) on the postsynaptic membrane of muscle cells. By blocking acetylcholine binding, these antibodies prevent the nerve signal...
Types of Aggregate Grading01:15

Types of Aggregate Grading

Aggregate grading is crucial in economically obtaining a concrete mix with adequate strength, reasonable workability, and minimal segregation. There are four types of aggregate gradation: well-graded, uniformly (or one-sized) graded, gap-graded, and open-graded.
Well-graded aggregates include a complete range of necessary size fractions that fit together to create a dense matrix with minimal voids, represented by a smooth, continuous gradation curve. This type of grading ensures good...
Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor, and heat...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Diet-quality scores and the risk of symptomatic gallstone disease: a prospective cohort study of male US health professionals.

International journal of epidemiology·2018
Same author

Two high-risk susceptibility loci at 6p25.3 and 14q32.13 for Waldenström macroglobulinemia.

Nature communications·2018
Same author

Nutritional epidemiology and cancer: A Tale of Two Cities.

Cancer causes & control : CCC·2018
Same author

Body Mass Index, Diabetes and Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Risk: The Liver Cancer Pooling Project and Meta-analysis.

The American journal of gastroenterology·2018
Same author

Family History of Breast or Prostate Cancer and Prostate Cancer Risk.

Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research·2018
Same author

Low Free Testosterone and Prostate Cancer Risk: A Collaborative Analysis of 20 Prospective Studies.

European urology·2018
Same journal

SEPTIN7 Enhances Tumorgenesis and Therapeutic Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Promoting FGFR4 Stabilization and Recycling.

Cancer research·2026
Same journal

TLR9 Agonists Potentiate Adoptive T Cell Therapy in Cancer through a B Cell-CD2 Costimulatory Axis.

Cancer research·2026
Same journal

CDK2 Inhibition Exerts RB-Independent Antitumor Activity in CDK4/6 Inhibitor-Resistant HR+/HER2- Breast Cancer.

Cancer research·2026
Same journal

A Clinically Integrated Pediatric Patient-Derived Xenograft Program Enables Evaluation of Cohort and Patient-Specific Biology and Therapeutic Strategies.

Cancer research·2026
Same journal

Editor's Note: Heterodimerization of Insulin-like Growth Factor Receptor/Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and Induction of Survivin Expression Counteract the Antitumor Action of Erlotinib.

Cancer research·2026
Same journal

Editor's Note: Deguelin Analogue SH-1242 Inhibits Hsp90 Activity and Exerts Potent Anticancer Efficacy with Limited Neurotoxicity.

Cancer research·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

A Quick Phenotypic Neurological Scoring System for Evaluating Disease Progression in the SOD1-G93A Mouse Model of ALS
06:49

A Quick Phenotypic Neurological Scoring System for Evaluating Disease Progression in the SOD1-G93A Mouse Model of ALS

Published on: October 6, 2015

Gleason grade progression is uncommon.

Kathryn L Penney1, Meir J Stampfer, Jaquelyn L Jahn

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. kpenney@hsph.harvard.edu

Cancer Research
|August 16, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gleason grade may be an early feature of prostate cancer, not progressing significantly with stage changes. This finding suggests prostate cancer grade is established early, impacting tumor progression understanding and active surveillance decisions.

More Related Videos

Establishment and Evaluation of a Risk Prediction Model for Pathological Escalation of Gastric Low-Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia
03:05

Establishment and Evaluation of a Risk Prediction Model for Pathological Escalation of Gastric Low-Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia

Published on: February 16, 2024

Microscopic Electric Rotary Grinding of Plaques Combined with Graft Repair in the Management of Peyronie's Disease
02:21

Microscopic Electric Rotary Grinding of Plaques Combined with Graft Repair in the Management of Peyronie's Disease

Published on: March 15, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 8, 2026

A Quick Phenotypic Neurological Scoring System for Evaluating Disease Progression in the SOD1-G93A Mouse Model of ALS
06:49

A Quick Phenotypic Neurological Scoring System for Evaluating Disease Progression in the SOD1-G93A Mouse Model of ALS

Published on: October 6, 2015

Establishment and Evaluation of a Risk Prediction Model for Pathological Escalation of Gastric Low-Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia
03:05

Establishment and Evaluation of a Risk Prediction Model for Pathological Escalation of Gastric Low-Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia

Published on: February 16, 2024

Microscopic Electric Rotary Grinding of Plaques Combined with Graft Repair in the Management of Peyronie's Disease
02:21

Microscopic Electric Rotary Grinding of Plaques Combined with Graft Repair in the Management of Peyronie's Disease

Published on: March 15, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Urology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Gleason grade is a standard measure for prostate cancer differentiation.
  • The progression of Gleason grade during tumor development remains unclear.
  • Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening impacts tumor staging at diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether Gleason grade progresses with tumor stage over time.
  • To assess if Gleason grade is an early, stable feature or changes during prostate cancer development.
  • To evaluate the impact of PSA screening on the distribution of prostate cancer grade and stage.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 1,207 prostate cancer cases from the Physicians' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1982-2004).
  • Comparison of Gleason grade and clinical stage distributions between pre-PSA and PSA screening eras.
  • Re-evaluation of Gleason grade using the International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) 2005 revised criteria.

Main Results:

  • Advanced stage (≥ T3) tumors decreased over six-fold from 19.9% to 3% after PSA screening introduction.
  • High Gleason score (≥ 8) tumors decreased less substantially, from 25.3% to 17.6%.
  • A significant interaction between stage and diagnosis date indicated that the grade-stage relationship varied over time.

Conclusions:

  • The modest change in Gleason grade, contrasted with the significant reduction in advanced stage disease due to PSA screening, suggests that Gleason grade is established early in prostate cancer development.
  • This finding has implications for understanding prostate cancer progression and prognosis.
  • It may support the use of active surveillance for patients with lower-grade prostate cancer.