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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Using a Real-Time Locating System to Measure Walking Activity Associated with Wandering Behaviors Among Institutionalized Older Adults

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The coding of location.

¹a Institute for Child Behavior and Development , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

Journal of Motor Behavior

|August 17, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The target hypothesis for movement control suggests location memory isn't just kinesthetic. Experiments using opposite limbs confirmed this, showing abstract cues are used, but movement context matters.

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Area of Science:

Motor control
Cognitive neuroscience
Human movement science

Background:

The target hypothesis for movement control posits that location reproduction relies on more than just kinesthetic feedback.
Understanding the neural and cognitive underpinnings of motor memory is crucial for rehabilitation and performance enhancement.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of abstract information versus kinesthetic cues in motor location reproduction.
To test the prediction of the target hypothesis using a switched-limb paradigm.

Main Methods:

Three experiments were conducted using a switched-limb procedure where participants reproduced a limb's position using the contralateral limb.
Movement direction was manipulated to assess its impact on switched-limb versus same-limb reproduction.
Kinesthetic information was minimized by using the opposite limb for reproduction.

Main Results:

Switched-limb location reproduction performance was comparable to same-limb reproduction when movement direction was invariant.
Altering the movement direction significantly impaired switched-limb reproduction, while same-limb reproduction remained largely unaffected.
These results indicate that abstract spatial information contributes to motor location memory.

Conclusions:

Findings support the target hypothesis by demonstrating reliance on non-kinesthetic information for location reproduction.
The context of the movement, specifically direction, influences the effectiveness of abstract location codes.
The switched-limb technique offers a valuable method for dissociating kinesthetic and abstract components of motor memory.