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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
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Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

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Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Accessory Structures of the Skin: Hair Growth and Types01:20

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Hair Growth and Types

Hair growth begins with the production of keratinocytes by the basal cells of the hair bulb. As new cells are deposited at the hair bulb, the hair shaft is pushed through the follicle toward the surface. Keratinization is completed as the cells are pushed to the skin surface to form the shaft of hair that is externally visible. The external hair is completely dead and composed entirely of keratin. Hair can be cut or shaven without damaging the hair structure because the cut is superficial. Most...
Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction01:29

Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction

Alzheimer disease is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia in older adults. It leads to gradual neuronal loss, causing cognitive decline, behavioral changes, and loss of functional independence.Risk Factors and EtiologyThe disease is multifactorial. Age is the strongest risk factor, with prevalence doubling every 5 years after age 65. Genetic factors include mutations in genes such as APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, which are associated...
Type I Diabetes I: Introduction01:12

Type I Diabetes I: Introduction

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin resulting from the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Although it can occur at any age, it is most commonly diagnosed in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood. The loss of insulin production impairs cellular glucose uptake, resulting in persistent hyperglycemia and necessitating lifelong insulin therapy.Autoimmune Destruction of β-CellsThe hallmark of type 1 diabetes is an...
Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:23

Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

A New Technique for Quantitative Analysis of Hair Loss in Mice Using Grayscale Analysis
06:41

A New Technique for Quantitative Analysis of Hair Loss in Mice Using Grayscale Analysis

Published on: March 9, 2015

What causes alopecia areata?

K J McElwee1, A Gilhar, D J Tobin

  • 1Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. kmcelwee@mail.ubc.ca

Experimental Dermatology
|August 17, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Alopecia areata (AA) pathobiology remains unclear, frustrating patients and doctors seeking effective treatments. Recent research offers new insights and therapeutic targets, prompting a re-evaluation of AA disease concepts.

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Mechanical and Controlled PRP Injections in Patients Affected by Androgenetic Alopecia
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Mechanical and Controlled PRP Injections in Patients Affected by Androgenetic Alopecia

Published on: January 27, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 8, 2026

A New Technique for Quantitative Analysis of Hair Loss in Mice Using Grayscale Analysis
06:41

A New Technique for Quantitative Analysis of Hair Loss in Mice Using Grayscale Analysis

Published on: March 9, 2015

Mechanical and Controlled PRP Injections in Patients Affected by Androgenetic Alopecia
03:22

Mechanical and Controlled PRP Injections in Patients Affected by Androgenetic Alopecia

Published on: January 27, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Immunology
  • Hair Biology

Background:

  • Alopecia areata (AA) is a common autoimmune skin disease with unclear pathobiology.
  • Current treatments for AA are unsatisfactory, leading to patient and physician frustration.
  • Debate continues regarding the exact autoimmune mechanisms and genetic factors involved in AA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-evaluate and stimulate public debate on current concepts of alopecia areata pathobiology.
  • To encourage broader engagement from skin biologists, immunologists, and autoimmunity experts in AA research.
  • To address the lack of universally accepted pathogenesis concepts for AA.

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of recent advancements in AA basic research.
  • Discussion of new models for translationally relevant AA research.
  • Identification of novel therapeutic agents and targets for AA management.

Main Results:

  • Substantial progress has been made in understanding AA pathogenesis over the past decade.
  • New therapeutic targets and agents for AA have been identified.
  • The complexity of AA is highlighted, with ongoing debate on its classification and underlying mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • A comprehensive re-evaluation of AA pathobiology concepts is warranted.
  • Further research and interdisciplinary collaboration are crucial for developing effective AA treatments.
  • AA remains a fascinating model disease for studying autoimmunity and its impact on hair follicles.