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Elementary school practices and children's objectively measured physical activity during school.

Jordan A Carlson1, James F Sallis, Gregory J Norman

  • 1University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.

Preventive Medicine
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Implementing multiple school physical activity practices, including physical education (PE) and recess, can double children's physical activity during school hours. This highlights the importance of structured school environments for promoting active lifestyles in children.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Health
  • School-based Interventions
  • Physical Activity Research

Background:

  • Childhood obesity rates necessitate effective interventions.
  • School environments play a critical role in children's physical activity levels.
  • Existing research often examines single interventions, not combined school practices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between school physical activity practices (PE, recess, classroom time) and children's objectively measured physical activity during school.
  • To identify specific school practices associated with higher levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA).
  • To examine the cumulative effect of multiple school practices on children's school-day MVPA.

Main Methods:

  • 172 elementary school children from 97 schools in the US participated.
  • Objective physical activity was measured using accelerometry.
  • School practices were assessed via surveys, and analyzed using multivariate linear mixed models.

Main Results:

  • Adequate physical education (PE) time (≥100 min/week) and lower student-to-supervisor ratios during recess were associated with increased MVPA.
  • Having a dedicated PE teacher was also linked to higher MVPA.
  • Schools implementing 4 out of 5 key practices showed a significant increase in children's daily MVPA.

Conclusions:

  • Multiple school-based physical activity practices are associated with significantly higher children's physical activity during school.
  • The presence of several coordinated practices can effectively double children's physical activity levels within the school day.
  • This study underscores the importance of a comprehensive approach to school physical activity programming.