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Tinnitus: causes and clinical management.

Berthold Langguth¹, Peter M Kreuzer¹, Tobias Kleinjung²

¹Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; Interdisciplinary Tinnitus Center, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.

The Lancet. Neurology

|August 17, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Tinnitus, the perception of phantom sounds affecting 10-15% of people, is increasingly understood as a neurological disorder. Research focuses on brain changes and developing targeted, brain-based therapies for this common condition.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Otolaryngology
Psychology

Background:

Tinnitus is the perception of sound without external stimuli, affecting 10-15% of the population.
While often considered an ear disorder, neuroimaging and animal models highlight its neuronal basis.
Severe quality of life impairment affects 1-2% of individuals with tinnitus.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the neuronal correlates of tinnitus.
To review current assessment methods and treatments.
To introduce novel brain-based therapeutic approaches.

Main Methods:

Review of neuroimaging studies and animal models.
Analysis of patient assessment protocols including case history and hearing function.
Evaluation of existing treatments like cognitive behavioral therapy.

Main Results:

Tinnitus is associated with altered neuronal activity in auditory and non-auditory brain regions.
Increased neuronal firing, synchrony, and tonotopic organization changes are key findings.
Cognitive behavioral therapy shows the best evidence among current treatments.

Conclusions:

Tinnitus has significant neuronal underpinnings beyond the auditory system.
Comprehensive patient assessment is crucial for effective management.
Innovative treatments targeting neuronal mechanisms offer new hope for tinnitus relief.