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Related Concept Videos

Translation01:31

Translation

Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Proteins are called the...
Translation01:31

Translation

Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Translation01:31

Translation

Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Translation01:31

Translation

Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Improving Translational Accuracy02:07

Improving Translational Accuracy

Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
Improving Translational Accuracy02:07

Improving Translational Accuracy

Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...

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Related Experiment Video

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Toeprinting Analysis of Translation Initiation Complex Formation on Mammalian mRNAs
10:37

Toeprinting Analysis of Translation Initiation Complex Formation on Mammalian mRNAs

Published on: May 10, 2018

Touching on translation.

John Talpos1, Thomas Steckler

  • 1Janssen Research & Development, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340, Beerse, Belgium.

Cell and Tissue Research
|August 17, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Touch-screen technology bridges the gap between preclinical and clinical neuroscience research. This approach facilitates hypothesis-driven translation for cognition-related disorders, potentially leading to new treatments.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Translational Research
  • Cognitive Disorders

Background:

  • The "translational" approach is widely adopted in neuroscience.
  • Few hypothesis-driven studies translate preclinical findings to positive clinical outcomes, especially for novel medications targeting cognition.
  • Discrepancies arise from preclinical behavioral measures and clinical test batteries that are difficult to model across species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the potential of automated touch-screen cognitive testing for improving translational research in neuroscience.
  • To bridge the gap between preclinical and clinical studies for cognition-related disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing automated cognition batteries with touch-screen operant boxes to present stimuli on video monitors.
  • Measuring cognitive functions in rodents in a manner comparable to clinical settings.
  • Reviewing recent publications (last 5 years) on touch-screen methodology in preclinical research.

Main Results:

  • Touch-screen technology enables similar cognitive function measurements in rodents and humans.
  • This method reduces the disconnect between preclinical and clinical behavioral studies.
  • Numerous studies demonstrate the utility of touch-screen paradigms in preclinical research.

Conclusions:

  • The touch-screen approach shows significant promise as a tool for hypothesis-driven translational neuroscience.
  • It facilitates the translation of preclinical findings into clinically relevant outcomes for cognition-related disorders.
  • This technology can accelerate the development of novel therapeutic strategies for cognitive impairments.