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F Meinert1, M J Mark, E Kirilov

  • 1Institut für Experimentalphysik und Zentrum für Quantenphysik, Universität Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.

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We observed coherent spin oscillations in atomic Bose-Hubbard chains after a quantum phase transition. Interactions significantly modified tunneling rates, revealing collective effects in the oscillatory response.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Condensed matter physics
  • Atomic physics

Background:

  • Atomic Bose-Hubbard models describe interacting ultracold atoms in optical lattices.
  • Quantum phase transitions (QPTs) mark fundamental changes in a system's ground state.
  • Nonequilibrium dynamics probe system behavior far from equilibrium.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate nonequilibrium dynamics in tilted 1D atomic Bose-Hubbard chains.
  • Analyze the response to a quantum quench near an Ising quantum phase transition.
  • Characterize interaction-induced modifications to tunneling rates and collective effects.

Main Methods:

  • Sudden quantum quench of system parameters.
  • Utilizing the one-dimensional atomic Bose-Hubbard model.
  • Monitoring oscillations in doubly occupied lattice sites to detect spin orientation.

Main Results:

  • Observed coherent oscillations in effective Ising spin orientation post-quench.
  • Demonstrated significant modification of the tunneling rate due to interactions.
  • Provided clear evidence for collective effects influencing the oscillatory response.

Conclusions:

  • Nonequilibrium dynamics near QPTs exhibit rich oscillatory behavior.
  • Interactions play a crucial role in modifying fundamental parameters like tunneling.
  • Collective phenomena are observable and significant in driven quantum systems.