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Related Concept Videos

Stress-Strain Diagram - Brittle Materials01:24

Stress-Strain Diagram - Brittle Materials

Brittle materials, including glass, cast iron, and stone, exhibit unique characteristics. They fracture without considerable change in their elongation rate, indicating that their breaking and ultimate strength are equivalent. Such materials also show lower strain levels at the point of rupture. The failure in brittle materials predominantly results from normal stresses, as evidenced by the rupture created along a surface perpendicular to the applied load. These materials do not display...
Microcracking in Concrete01:20

Microcracking in Concrete

Microcracking in concrete refers to the tiny cracks that can form within the material even before any external load is applied. These microcracks typically occur at the interface between the coarse aggregate and the hydrated cement paste, often as a result of differential volume changes prompted by variations in stress-strain behavior, as well as thermal and moisture movement. Initially, these microcracks remain stable and do not grow substantially until the concrete is stressed to about 30...
Fatigue01:21

Fatigue

Fatigue occurs when materials rupture under repeated or fluctuating loads, even at stress levels far below their static breaking strength. It typically results in brittle failure, even for ductile materials. It is a critical consideration in designing machines and structural components subjected to repetitive or varying loads. The nature of these loadings can range from fluctuating loads like unbalanced pump impellers causing vibrations to repeatedly bending a thin steel rod wire back and forth...
Types of Non-structural Cracks in Concrete01:28

Types of Non-structural Cracks in Concrete

Non-structural cracks are primarily of three types: plastic, early-age thermal, and drying shrinkage cracks. Plastic cracks are further classified into plastic shrinkage cracks and plastic settlement cracks.
Plastic shrinkage cracks typically form within hours after the concrete is poured. The concrete's surface dries faster than the bottom, creating tensile stress that the still-plastic concrete cannot withstand, leading to diagonal or randomly patterned cracks on the concrete surface.
Plastic...
Behavior of Concrete Under Compressive Load01:23

Behavior of Concrete Under Compressive Load

Concrete exhibits specific behaviors under different compressive loads. Understanding this is crucial for understanding its structural integrity. When concrete undergoes uniaxial compression, it tends to develop cracks that run parallel to the direction of the force. These parallel cracks stem from localized tensile stresses that occur perpendicular to the compression direction. Additionally, angled cracks may appear due to the formation of shear planes.
As the concrete specimen fractures under...
Tensile Strength Considerations of Concrete01:16

Tensile Strength Considerations of Concrete

Considering the tensile strength of concrete involves recognizing that the theoretical strength of cement paste can be up to a thousand times higher than what is observed in practical applications. This significant discrepancy is largely attributed to the presence of microscopic cracks within the concrete. These cracks tend to amplify stress at their tips when a load is applied, a phenomenon explained by Griffith's theory of brittle fracture.
The dimensions and shape of a concrete specimen also...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Crack Monitoring in Resonance Fatigue Testing of Welded Specimens Using Digital Image Correlation
05:30

Crack Monitoring in Resonance Fatigue Testing of Welded Specimens Using Digital Image Correlation

Published on: September 29, 2019

Crackling versus continuumlike dynamics in brittle failure.

J Barés1, L Barbier, D Bonamy

  • 1CEA, IRAMIS, SPCSI, Group Complex Systems and Fracture, F-91191 Gif sur Yvette, France.

Physical Review Letters
|August 20, 2013
PubMed
Summary

We found that crack dynamics in heterogeneous materials transition between standard fracture mechanics and crackling dynamics, controlled by loading and material properties. This transition is key for observing crackling in fracture experiments.

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Last Updated: May 8, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Solid Mechanics
  • Materials Science
  • Complex Systems

Background:

  • Crack propagation in heterogeneous materials is complex.
  • Understanding the factors influencing crack dynamics is crucial for material science and engineering.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how loading rate, specimen geometry, and microstructural texture influence crack dynamics.
  • To identify the transition between continuum fracture mechanics and crackling dynamics.
  • To establish scaling laws for crackling dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis in the quasistatic approximation.
  • Identification of two dimensionless variables controlling the transition.
  • Formulation of scaling laws on the power spectrum of crack velocity.

Main Results:

  • A transition exists between continuum fracture mechanics and crackling dynamics.
  • This transition is controlled by two dimensionless variables.
  • Scaling laws define conditions for observing crackling in fracture.

Conclusions:

  • The study defines experimental conditions for observing crackling in fracture.
  • Findings extend to other phenomena like wetting and domain wall dynamics in amorphous ferromagnets.