Related Experiment Videos
Renal biomarkers predict nephrotoxicity after paraquat
Klintean Wunnapuk1, Xin Liu, Philip Peake
1Therapeutics Research Centre, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Abstract:
Paraquat is a widely used herbicide which has been involved in many accidental and intentional deaths. Nephrotoxicity is common in severe acute paraquat poisoning. We examined seven renal injury biomarkers, including cystatin-C, kidney injury molecule-1, β2-microglobulin, clusterin, albumin, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and osteopontin, to develop a non-invasive method to detect early renal damage and dysfunction and to compare with the conventional endogenous marker creatinine. Male Wistar rats were dosed orally with four different doses of paraquat, and the biomarker patterns in urine and plasma were investigated at 8, 24 and 48h after paraquat exposure. By Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis, urinary kidney injury molecule-1 was the best marker at predicting histological changes, with areas under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve of 0.81 and 0.98 at 8 and 24h (best cut-off value>0.000326μg/ml), respectively. Urinary kidney injury molecule-1, urinary albumin and urinary Cystatin-C elevations correlated with the degree of renal damage and injury development. Further study is required to compare biomarkers changes in rats with those seen in human poisoning.
Related Concept Videos
Serum Studies: Renal Function Tests
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention
Drug Toxicity: Dose-Dependent Reactions
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test
Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
Bioactivation and Tissue Toxicity