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Characteristics of Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease in children compared with adults

Tae Yeun Kim1, Kee-Soo Ha, Yunkyung Kim

  • 1Korea University School of Medicine, 73 Inchon-ro, Sungbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-705, Republic of Korea.

European Journal of Pediatrics
|August 20, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) in children presents differently than in adults. While cervical lymphadenopathy is common in both, children experience more fever and rash, and less generalized lymphadenopathy.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Rheumatology
  • Immunology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is a rare, benign, self-limiting condition.
  • KFD is characterized by cervical lymphadenopathy and often affects young adults.
  • Increasing recognition of KFD in pediatric populations necessitates understanding its unique characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To delineate the distinct clinical features of KFD in pediatric patients.
  • To compare the presentation and outcomes of KFD in children versus adults.
  • To analyze epidemiological data of pediatric KFD cases.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of medical records for pediatric KFD patients (<18 years) from 2001-2012.
  • Inclusion of worldwide published case reports of KFD.
  • Comparative analysis of 140 pediatric cases against 733 cases of all ages.

Main Results:

  • KFD in children shows a male predominance (1.4:1), unlike adult female predominance (2:1).
  • Pediatric KFD commonly features tender cervical lymphadenopathy, fever (82%), and rash (10%), which are more frequent than in adults.
  • Generalized lymphadenopathy is less common in children (1%) compared to adults (8%).
  • Leukopenia was observed in 50% of children versus 38% of adults.
  • Recurrence rates and autoimmune disease associations were similar between pediatric and adult KFD patients.

Conclusions:

  • Cervical lymphadenopathy remains the hallmark of KFD across all age groups.
  • Pediatric KFD exhibits a distinct clinical profile with higher incidences of fever and rash.
  • Understanding these pediatric-specific features aids in accurate diagnosis and management of KFD in children.

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