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Metallic Solids

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability. Many...

Theory of Metallic Conduction

Theory of Metallic Conduction

The conduction of free electrons inside a conductor is best described by quantum mechanics. However, a classical model makes predictions close to the results of quantum mechanics. It is called the theory of metallic conduction.
In this theory, Newton's second law of motion is used to determine the acceleration of an electron in the presence of an applied electric field. Then, its velocity is expressed via this acceleration.
An electron moves through the crystal, containing positive ions,...

Bonding in Metals

Bonding in Metals

Metallic bonds are formed between two metal atoms. A simplified model to describe metallic bonding has been developed by Paul Drüde called the “Electron Sea Model”.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Published on: June 7, 2018

Ultrastable metallic glass.

Hai-Bin Yu¹, Yuansu Luo, Konrad Samwer

¹I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, 37077, Germany.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)

|August 20, 2013

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A novel metallic glass exhibits superior thermal stability and mechanical properties due to its unique vapor deposition method. This discovery links the formation of ultrastable glasses to material fragility.

Keywords:

fragility metallic glass potential energy landscape stability

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Last Updated: May 8, 2026

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

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Published on: June 7, 2018

Optimized Sealing Process and Real-Time Monitoring of Glass-to-Metal Seal Structures

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Electrospray Deposition of Uniform Thickness Ge23Sb7S70 and As40S60 Chalcogenide Glass Films

Electrospray Deposition of Uniform Thickness Ge₂₃Sb₇S₇₀ and As₄₀S₆₀ Chalcogenide Glass Films

Published on: August 19, 2016

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Condensed Matter Physics
Solid-State Chemistry

Background:

Metallic glasses offer unique properties but often lack sufficient thermal stability for practical applications.
Previous methods for creating stable glasses have limitations in scalability and material scope.
Understanding the factors governing glass stability is crucial for designing advanced materials.

Purpose of the Study:

To synthesize and characterize a new metallic glass with enhanced thermal and mechanical properties.
To investigate the relationship between the formation of ultrastable glasses and material fragility.
To explore the potential of vapor deposition techniques for creating high-performance glassy materials.

Main Methods:

Vapor deposition technique utilized for metallic glass synthesis.
High-throughput substrate temperature control during material formation.
Differential scanning calorimetry and mechanical testing for property evaluation.
Comparison with organic ultrastable glasses prepared via similar routes.

Main Results:

The newly synthesized metallic glass demonstrates exceptional thermal stability.
Significant enhancements in glass transition temperature and elastic modulus were observed.
Ultrastable glassy material formation was found to correlate with the concept of fragility.
Vapor deposition at high substrate temperatures is a viable route to ultrastable glassy materials.

Conclusions:

High substrate temperature vapor deposition is an effective method for producing ultrastable metallic glasses.
Material fragility is a key parameter influencing the formation of ultrastable glassy states.
The developed metallic glass possesses properties suitable for demanding applications requiring high thermal and mechanical resilience.