Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Oxylipin-mediated metabolic signatures of symbiosis homeostasis and thermal stress in a model sea anemone.

The ISME journal·2026
Same author

LIPID MAPS: Powering discovery in lipidomics.

Science signaling·2026
Same author

Potent Neuronal Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide-Boosting Tetrahydroquinoxalines: Structure-Activity Relationships and Early Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Evaluation.

ACS medicinal chemistry letters·2026
Same author

Author Correction: Octadecanoids as emerging lipid mediators in cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbiosis.

Communications biology·2026
Same author

Maternal 12-HETE is associated with childhood asthma and the responses to prenatal omega-3 supplementation.

Cell reports. Medicine·2026
Same author

IL-33 enhances responsiveness and mast cell mediator release in isolated human small airways.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology·2026
Same journal

Getting on your last nerve: IFNs and resistance to infection.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)·2026
Same journal

Antigen-presenting cancer-associated fibroblasts in murine pancreatic tumors differentially regulate T-cell phenotype and function.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)·2026
Same journal

MHC class II on melanoma cells regulates the anti-tumor T cell response.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)·2026
Same journal

ENPP1-dependent USP2 ubiquitination governs SQSTM1-mediated autophagy-dependent ferroptosis in trophoblast cells and exacerbates placental dysfunction in gestational diabetes mellitus.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)·2026
Same journal

ER stress amplifies inflammation via a dual mechanism involving IκBζ-XBP1s synergism and Regnase-1 degradation.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)·2026
Same journal

The V158F polymorphism in human FcγRIIIa/CD16a defines opposing receptor responses when interacting with soluble immune complexes.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

A Simple and Efficient Method for Testing Immunomodulatory Agents for Generation of Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells from Human CD14+ Monocytes
11:34

A Simple and Efficient Method for Testing Immunomodulatory Agents for Generation of Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells from Human CD14+ Monocytes

Published on: April 11, 2025

Dendritic cell reprogramming by endogenously produced lactic acid.

Aikaterini Nasi1, Tünde Fekete, Akilan Krishnamurthy

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden.

Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|August 20, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dendritic cell (DC) vaccine development can be optimized by controlling cell density during differentiation. Low-density cultures promote inflammatory DCs, while high-density cultures, influenced by lactic acid, inhibit inflammation and enhance plasticity.

More Related Videos

Generation of Immature, Mature and Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells with Differing Metabolic Phenotypes
06:09

Generation of Immature, Mature and Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells with Differing Metabolic Phenotypes

Published on: June 22, 2016

Preparation of Tumor Antigen-loaded Mature Dendritic Cells for Immunotherapy
08:40

Preparation of Tumor Antigen-loaded Mature Dendritic Cells for Immunotherapy

Published on: August 1, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 8, 2026

A Simple and Efficient Method for Testing Immunomodulatory Agents for Generation of Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells from Human CD14+ Monocytes
11:34

A Simple and Efficient Method for Testing Immunomodulatory Agents for Generation of Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells from Human CD14+ Monocytes

Published on: April 11, 2025

Generation of Immature, Mature and Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells with Differing Metabolic Phenotypes
06:09

Generation of Immature, Mature and Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells with Differing Metabolic Phenotypes

Published on: June 22, 2016

Preparation of Tumor Antigen-loaded Mature Dendritic Cells for Immunotherapy
08:40

Preparation of Tumor Antigen-loaded Mature Dendritic Cells for Immunotherapy

Published on: August 1, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Vaccine Development

Background:

  • Dendritic cell (DC) vaccines aim to control T cell responses for cancer immunotherapy or autoimmune tolerance.
  • Developing monocyte-derived DCs (MoDCs) involves endogenous pathways that dictate inflammatory or suppressor programs.
  • Reliable strategies are needed to modulate DC differentiation for therapeutic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate endogenous mechanisms controlling MoDC differentiation based on cell culture density.
  • To identify pathways that interfere with inflammatory DC differentiation.
  • To explore the role of lactic acid in MoDC reprogramming.

Main Methods:

  • Culturing monocyte-derived DCs (MoDCs) at varying cell densities (low vs. high).
  • Assessing cytokine production (inflammatory cytokines, IL-10) and Th1 polarization.
  • Evaluating DC migration towards CCL19.
  • Investigating the role of lactic acid and its independence from PPARγ.

Main Results:

  • Low-density MoDCs exhibit enhanced inflammatory cytokine production, Th1 polarization, and CCL19-directed migration.
  • High-density MoDCs produce IL-10 but not inflammatory cytokines and retain differentiation plasticity (e.g., towards osteoclasts).
  • Lactic acid accumulation in dense cultures mediates a cell concentration-dependent inhibitory pathway, independent of PPARγ.

Conclusions:

  • Cell density significantly influences MoDC differentiation and immunomodulatory function.
  • Lactic acid acts as a key mediator in a novel pathway that inhibits inflammatory MoDC development.
  • Manipulating this lactic acid-mediated pathway offers a strategy to enhance the immunogenicity of DC vaccines.