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Related Concept Videos

Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Cancer02:18

Cancer

Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.
Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes01:33

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes01:33

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Testing Targeted Therapies in Cancer using Structural DNA Alteration Analysis and Patient-Derived Xenografts
10:27

Testing Targeted Therapies in Cancer using Structural DNA Alteration Analysis and Patient-Derived Xenografts

Published on: July 25, 2020

New developments in dermatological oncogenetics.

Manfred Kunz1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University of Leipzig, Germany.

Journal Der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG
|August 21, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Targeted therapies for skin cancers like melanoma and basal cell carcinoma are advancing due to understanding oncogene mutations. Next-generation sequencing aids in identifying new targets for improved dermatological cancer treatment.

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Cell Population Analyses During Skin Carcinogenesis
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Cell Population Analyses During Skin Carcinogenesis

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Next Generation Sequencing for the Detection of Actionable Mutations in Solid and Liquid Tumors
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Next Generation Sequencing for the Detection of Actionable Mutations in Solid and Liquid Tumors

Published on: September 20, 2016

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Last Updated: May 8, 2026

Testing Targeted Therapies in Cancer using Structural DNA Alteration Analysis and Patient-Derived Xenografts
10:27

Testing Targeted Therapies in Cancer using Structural DNA Alteration Analysis and Patient-Derived Xenografts

Published on: July 25, 2020

Cell Population Analyses During Skin Carcinogenesis
06:53

Cell Population Analyses During Skin Carcinogenesis

Published on: August 21, 2013

Next Generation Sequencing for the Detection of Actionable Mutations in Solid and Liquid Tumors
11:15

Next Generation Sequencing for the Detection of Actionable Mutations in Solid and Liquid Tumors

Published on: September 20, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Dermatological oncology
  • Cancer genetics
  • Molecular biology

Background:

  • Mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes activate intracellular signaling pathways crucial in malignant tumors.
  • Dermatological malignancies such as melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma harbor specific mutations.
  • Targeted therapies have emerged, showing significant success, particularly in melanoma and basal cell carcinoma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current developments in dermatological oncogenetics.
  • To highlight the impact of new sequencing technologies on understanding skin cancer pathogenesis.
  • To discuss the identification of novel molecular targets for improved cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on dermatological oncogenetics.
  • Analysis of findings from next-generation sequencing studies.
  • Identification of key signaling pathways and mutated genes in skin cancers.

Main Results:

  • BRAF, NRAS, and MAP kinase pathways are confirmed as pathogenic drivers in melanoma.
  • Targeted therapies against BRAF (melanoma) and hedgehog pathway (basal cell carcinoma) demonstrate impressive treatment success.
  • New oncogenic mutations in ERBB4, GRIN2A, GRM3, PREX2, RAC1, TP53, and the NOTCH pathway (squamous cell carcinoma) have been identified.

Conclusions:

  • Next-generation sequencing significantly enhances the understanding of malignant tumor biology.
  • Identification of novel oncogenic mutations paves the way for new targeted and potentially individualized therapies in dermatology.
  • Advances in oncogenetics promise improved treatment strategies for skin cancers.