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Related Concept Videos

Association Areas of the Cortex01:21

Association Areas of the Cortex

Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex01:14

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex

The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex.
Vision01:24

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex01:23

Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex

The somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobes is crucial for interpreting sensory data such as touch, temperature, and proprioception. The somatosensory cortex, situated in the parietal lobes, plays a vital role in interpreting sensory information like touch, temperature, and proprioception—awareness of body position. This specialized brain region features an organized structure wherein neurons at the top primarily process sensations originating from the lower body. In contrast, those at the...
Depth Perception and Spatial Vision01:15

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.
Visual System01:26

Visual System

Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings
07:08

Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings

Published on: August 1, 2018

Functional Associations among Human Posterior Extrastriate Brain Regions during Object and Spatial Vision.

B Horwitz, C L Grady, J V Haxby

    Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
    |August 24, 2013
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Functional brain imaging reveals that face and spatial vision tasks heavily rely on right hemisphere interactions. While both hemispheres process spatial information, the right side shows stronger functional connectivity for these visual tasks.

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    Modeling the Functional Network for Spatial Navigation in the Human Brain
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    Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging
    17:06

    Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging

    Published on: November 8, 2012

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: May 8, 2026

    Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings
    07:08

    Investigating Object Representations in the Macaque Dorsal Visual Stream Using Single-unit Recordings

    Published on: August 1, 2018

    Modeling the Functional Network for Spatial Navigation in the Human Brain
    05:55

    Modeling the Functional Network for Spatial Navigation in the Human Brain

    Published on: October 13, 2023

    Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging
    17:06

    Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging

    Published on: November 8, 2012

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Cognitive Neuroscience
    • Neuroimaging

    Background:

    • The primate visual system differentiates object (occipitotemporal) and spatial (occipitoparietal) processing pathways.
    • Understanding functional interactions within these pathways is crucial for mapping visual cognition.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate functional associations among posterior brain regions during object and spatial vision tasks.
    • To examine hemispheric differences in visual processing using correlational analysis of cerebral blood flow.

    Main Methods:

    • Used H2(15)O positron emission tomography to measure normalized regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in 17 young men.
    • Correlated rCBF values between posterior brain regions during face matching and dot-location matching tasks.

    Main Results:

    • Face matching showed significant correlations between extrastriate occipital and inferior occipitotemporal regions primarily in the right hemisphere.
    • Spatial (dot-location) matching revealed significant correlations among posterior regions in both hemispheres, but specific occipital-parietal connections were unique to the right hemisphere.
    • The right hemisphere demonstrated stronger intrahemispheric functional correlations overall.

    Conclusions:

    • Correlational analysis of normalized rCBF effectively detects functional interactions within brain circuits.
    • Both face and dot-location matching predominantly depend on right cerebral hemisphere functional interactions.
    • Left hemisphere processing may play a more significant role in dot-location matching than in face matching.