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Related Concept Videos

Cerebellum: Anatomical Regions01:17

Cerebellum: Anatomical Regions

The cerebellum, also known as the "little brain," is located in the posterior cranial fossa, inferior to the tentorium cerebelli and dorsal to the brainstem. It plays a significant role in motor control, coordination, and proprioception.
Cerebellar Structure
Externally, the cerebellum features a highly convoluted surface with numerous folia (narrow ridges) separated by shallow sulci (grooves). The cerebellum is divided into two hemispheres by a thin median structure known as the vermis. The...
Diencephalon: Thalamus and Information Relay01:27

Diencephalon: Thalamus and Information Relay

The thalamus, often called “the gateway to the cerebral cortex,” is vital in processing and directing sensory and motor signals throughout the brain. Almost all inputs destined for the cerebral cortex, except for olfactory signals, are relayed through the thalamus. The thalamus is  a sophisticated relay station, channeling information from various brain regions to the cerebral cortex, as well as a filter, prioritizing certain signals over others based on current physiological states or needs.
Major Somatic Sensory Pathways01:28

Major Somatic Sensory Pathways

Sensory impulses related to touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception from various body parts, such as the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head, travel to the cerebral cortex through the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The pathway’s name derives from the two white-matter tracts that convey the impulses: the spinal cord's posterior column and the brainstem's medial lemniscus. First-order sensory neurons extend their axons into the spinal cord, forming the posterior columns...
Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory01:14

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the cerebellum's...
Brainstem01:19

Brainstem

The brainstem, located inferior to the brain and superior to the spinal cord, serves as a bridge between the cerebrum and the spinal cord. It plays a vital role in relaying information and controlling critical life functions. It comprises three primary regions: the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata.
The Midbrain
The midbrain is located beneath the diencephalon and connects the cerebrum with the lower parts of the brain. The cerebral peduncles are prominent midbrain structures that house the...
Indirect Motor Pathways01:22

Indirect Motor Pathways

The indirect motor or extrapyramidal pathways originate in the brainstem, the lower portion of the brain that connects it to the spinal cord. They consist of several distinct tracts, each with specialized functions. The four main tracts of the indirect motor pathways are the vestibulospinal tract, the reticulospinal tract, the tectospinal tract, and the rubrospinal tract.
The vestibulospinal tract originates in the vestibular nuclei of the brainstem. The vestibular system detects changes in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2026

A Standardized Pipeline for Examining Human Cerebellar Grey Matter Morphometry using Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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A Standardized Pipeline for Examining Human Cerebellar Grey Matter Morphometry using Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: February 4, 2022

Timing functions of the cerebellum.

R B Ivry1, S W Keele

  • 1University of Oregon and Good Samaritan Hospital, Portland, Oregon.

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
|August 24, 2013
PubMed
Summary

The cerebellum is crucial for both producing and perceiving timing. Patients with cerebellar damage showed deficits in rhythm tasks and time perception, unlike other neurological groups.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Motor Control

Background:

  • Timing functions are essential for motor control and cognitive processes.
  • Neurological deficits can significantly impact timing abilities.
  • Understanding the neural basis of timing is key to explaining various neurological disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of different neurological systems in timing functions.
  • To compare the timing deficits in Parkinson's, cerebellar, cortical, and peripheral neuropathy patients.
  • To determine the specific contribution of the cerebellum to timing perception and production.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative study design involving patients with specific neurological deficits and age-matched controls.
  • Two primary timing tasks: rhythmic interval production and perceptual duration discrimination.

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Modulating Cognition Using Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Cerebellum
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Modulating Cognition Using Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Cerebellum

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A Fine Motor Task to Study Joint Kinematics in a Preclinical Model of Neurodegenerative Disease

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 8, 2026

A Standardized Pipeline for Examining Human Cerebellar Grey Matter Morphometry using Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging
11:50

A Standardized Pipeline for Examining Human Cerebellar Grey Matter Morphometry using Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: February 4, 2022

Modulating Cognition Using Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Cerebellum
11:47

Modulating Cognition Using Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Cerebellum

Published on: February 15, 2015

A Fine Motor Task to Study Joint Kinematics in a Preclinical Model of Neurodegenerative Disease
05:39

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  • Control task assessing perception of loudness to ensure specificity of timing deficits.

    • Main Results:

    • Cerebellar patients exhibited deficits in both timing production (increased variability in rhythmic tapping) and perception (reduced accuracy in duration discrimination).
    • Parkinson's, cortical, and peripheral neuropathy patients did not show deficits across both timing tasks.
    • Cerebellar patients' perceptual timing deficit was specific to duration, as loudness perception remained unaffected.

    Conclusions:

    • The cerebellum plays a primary role in both the production and perception of timing.
    • Timing mechanisms can be considered isolable components within the motor control system.
    • Cerebellar timing processes are utilized by perceptual and cognitive systems requiring temporal predictions.