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Related Concept Videos

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility, suggesting a...
Diabetes Mellitus: Introduction01:26

Diabetes Mellitus: Introduction

Diabetes mellitus consists of chronic metabolic disorders characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. This elevated blood glucose results from defects in insulin secretion, impaired insulin action, or both. Insulin, produced by pancreatic β-cells, is essential for maintaining glucose homeostasis by facilitating cellular glucose uptake for energy or storage. Disruptions in insulin production or function lead to glucose accumulation in the bloodstream, causing the clinical features and long-term...
Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis01:25

Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis

Type 2 diabetes mellitus develops gradually and is often asymptomatic in early stages.Clinical ManifestationsWhen symptoms appear, they include fatigue, blurred vision, pruritus, delayed wound healing, and recurrent infections, particularly candidal infections. Peripheral neuropathy may present as numbness or tingling in the extremities. Classic hyperglycemia symptoms—polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia—are less common. Most patients are overweight and frequently have associated hypertension...
Hyperglycemia01:29

Hyperglycemia

Hyperglycemia is an abnormally high blood glucose level. It is diagnosed by fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL, 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (or OGTT) ≥200 mg/dL, random glucose ≥200 mg/dL with symptoms, or HbA1c ≥6.5%. However, HbA1c results may be unreliable in certain conditions, such as anemia or hemoglobinopathies, and the diagnosis should be confirmed unless classic symptoms are present. Postprandial hyperglycemia is typically considered significant when glucose levels exceed 180 mg/dL two...
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...

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Gestational diabetes.

Christopher Harrison1, Clare Bayram, Helena Britt

  • 1Family Medicine Research Centre, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.

Australian Family Physician
|August 24, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is increasingly prevalent, mirroring Type 2 diabetes trends. Pregnant women from Indigenous, Asian, and Indian ethnic groups, along with older mothers, face a higher risk of developing GDM.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) prevalence is rising globally.
  • This trend aligns with the increasing incidence of Type 2 diabetes.
  • Certain populations and age groups are disproportionately affected.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize current understanding of GDM prevalence.
  • To identify key risk factors for GDM.
  • To highlight disparities in GDM risk.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on GDM.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data on diabetes in pregnancy.
  • Synthesis of findings on risk factors.

Main Results:

  • Evidence indicates a growing prevalence of GDM.
  • Increased risk is associated with specific ethnic backgrounds, including Indigenous, Asian, and Indian populations.
  • Advanced maternal age is a significant risk factor for GDM.

Conclusions:

  • The rising prevalence of GDM necessitates increased awareness and targeted interventions.
  • Ethnic and age-related disparities in GDM risk require focused public health strategies.
  • Further research into underlying causes and effective management is crucial.