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Related Concept Videos

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy

The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
Complications of Diabetes Mellitus01:22

Complications of Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia due to insulin deficiency, resistance, or both. Prolonged hyperglycemia disrupts metabolic homeostasis and leads to acute and chronic complications.Acute ComplicationsAcute complications result from sudden metabolic imbalance.Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) mainly appears in type 1 diabetes but may also develop in type 2 diabetes, particularly under extreme stress. It arises from severe insulin deficiency,...
Diabetic Ketoacidosis l: Introduction01:25

Diabetic Ketoacidosis l: Introduction

DefinitionDiabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an acute, life-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus, characterized by a triad of hyperglycemia (blood glucose >250 mg/dL), ketonemia or ketonuria, and metabolic acidosis (arterial pH <7.30 and serum bicarbonate <18 mEq/L). It results from insulin deficiency combined with elevated levels of counterregulatory hormones—glucagon, catecholamines, cortisol, and growth hormone—leading to increased lipolysis, hepatic ketone production, and...
Diabetic Retinopathy01:27

Diabetic Retinopathy

DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...
Diabetes Mellitus: Introduction01:26

Diabetes Mellitus: Introduction

Diabetes mellitus consists of chronic metabolic disorders characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. This elevated blood glucose results from defects in insulin secretion, impaired insulin action, or both. Insulin, produced by pancreatic β-cells, is essential for maintaining glucose homeostasis by facilitating cellular glucose uptake for energy or storage. Disruptions in insulin production or function lead to glucose accumulation in the bloodstream, causing the clinical features and long-term...
Diabetic Nephropathy01:28

Diabetic Nephropathy

Definition Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic kidney complication that results from prolonged hyperglycemia.Prevalence It is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, affecting up to half of individuals with diabetes.Pathophysiology • Sustained hyperglycemia triggers multiple hemodynamic and metabolic changes in the kidney. • Early in the disease, increased renal blood flow and glomerular hyperfiltration occur due to afferent arteriolar...

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Updated: May 8, 2026

Modeling and Evaluation of Murine Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Model
06:22

Modeling and Evaluation of Murine Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Model

Published on: November 29, 2024

Including pets in diabetic care.

Gigi S Davidson1

  • 1North Carolina State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, North Carolina.

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Compounding
|August 27, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pharmacists are crucial in managing diabetes across various species, requiring specialized knowledge of animal physiology and potential drug interactions. Understanding species-specific needs ensures optimal care and treatment outcomes for diabetic patients.

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Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital
12:08

Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital

Published on: June 11, 2012

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Last Updated: May 8, 2026

Modeling and Evaluation of Murine Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Model
06:22

Modeling and Evaluation of Murine Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Model

Published on: November 29, 2024

Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital
12:08

Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital

Published on: June 11, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pharmacy
  • Comparative Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus is a growing concern in both human and animal populations.
  • Veterinary pharmacists require specialized knowledge to manage diabetes in diverse species.
  • Human and animal diabetes management present unique challenges and considerations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the essential role of pharmacists in providing diabetic care for multiple animal species.
  • To emphasize the need for pharmacists to understand species-specific differences in diabetes.
  • To guide pharmacists in managing hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia in veterinary patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical signs of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia across various species.
  • Analysis of potential issues with using human diabetic preparations in animals.
  • Emphasis on the importance of diet, medical history, genetics, and species-specific drug reactions.

Main Results:

  • Pharmacists can offer vital care, preparations, and counseling for diabetic animals.
  • Knowledge of species-specific diabetes management is critical for effective treatment.
  • Awareness of drug interactions and patient-specific factors improves outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Pharmacists are integral to optimizing care for diabetic pets through collaboration with veterinarians.
  • Compounding pharmacists can significantly contribute to successful diabetes management in animals.
  • Continuous education on veterinary diabetes care is essential for pharmacists.