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Updated: May 8, 2026
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Published on: June 16, 2023
Theoretical Simulation and Focused Ion Beam Fabrication of Gold Nanostructures For Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering
Anuj Dhawan1, Michael Gerhold, Tuan Vo-Dinh
1Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA ; U. S. Army Research Office, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, USA.
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This paper describes the fabrication of gold nanopillar and nanorod arrays and theoretical calculations of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) around ordered arrangements of these nanostructures. The EMFs of both single nanopillars and di-mers of nanopillars - having nanoscale gaps between the two adjacent nanopillars forming the di-mers - are simulated in this work by employing the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method. In the case of simulations for di-mers of nanopillars, the nano-scale gaps between the nanopillars are varied between 5 nm and 20 nm and calculations of the electromagnetic fields in the vicinity of the nanopillars and in the gaps between the nanopillars were carried out. Fabrication of gold nanopillars in a controlled manner for forming SERS substrates involves focused ion beam (FIB) milling. The nanostructures were fabricated on gold-coated silica, mica, and quartz planar substrates as well as on gold-coated tips of four mode and multimode silica optical fibers.
