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Related Concept Videos

Plasmids01:28

Plasmids

Plasmids are extrachromosomal DNA molecules found in bacteria, archaea, and some eukaryotic microbes like yeast. These small, circular DNA structures typically contain fewer than 30 genes, although some may exist linearly. Plasmids vary in their number within a cell, known as copy number. Single-copy plasmids are present in one copy per cell and multi-copy plasmids are present in multiple copies, reaching over 100 copies per cell.Plasmids usually replicate independently of the chromosomal DNA...
Conjugation01:19

Conjugation

Conjugation is a form of horizontal gene transfer that primarily occurs in bacteria and some archaea, promoting genetic diversity and adaptation. Bacteria can acquire resistance genes through conjugative plasmids, allowing them to survive antibiotic treatments that would otherwise be lethal. This process involves direct contact between cells through specialized structures such as the sex pilus and is mediated by conjugative plasmids, including the F (fertility) factor.Conjugation requires...
Diversity of Protists II01:27

Diversity of Protists II

Alveolates are a group of organisms recognized by the presence of alveoli, which are cytoplasmic sacs located beneath the cell membrane. While their function remains uncertain, alveoli may help regulate water balance by controlling how much water enters and leaves the cell. In dinoflagellates, these structures may serve as armor plates. There are three major types of alveolates: ciliates, which move using cilia; dinoflagellates, which use flagella for movement; and apicomplexans, which are...
DNA Bacteriophages01:26

DNA Bacteriophages

Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria, utilizing their genetic material to hijack host cellular machinery for replication. DNA bacteriophages employ single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genomes. These phages exhibit diverse replication strategies and host interactions, influencing their ecological roles and applications in biotechnology and medicine.ssDNA BacteriophagesssDNA phages, with their small genomes, utilize unique strategies to...
Genomic DNA in Prokaryotes00:46

Genomic DNA in Prokaryotes

The genome of most prokaryotic organisms consists of double-stranded DNA organized into one circular chromosome in a region of cytoplasm called the nucleoid. The chromosome is tightly wound, or supercoiled, for efficient storage. Prokaryotes also contain other circular pieces of DNA called plasmids. These plasmids are smaller than the chromosome and often carry genes that confer adaptive functions, such as antibiotic resistance.
Genomic Diversity in Bacteria
Although bacterial genomes are much...
Bacterial Phylum Tenericutes01:24

Bacterial Phylum Tenericutes

The phylum Tenericutes, which includes the single class Mollicutes, comprises bacteria that lack cell walls. The term "Mollicutes" derives from the Latin word mollis, meaning "soft." These organisms are among the smallest known and are commonly referred to as mycoplasmas due to the prominence of the genus Mycoplasma, which includes well-known human pathogens. Despite their inability to stain gram-positively (a result of their lack of cell walls), mycoplasmas are phylogenetically related to the...

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High-Resolution Comparison of Bacterial Conjugation Frequencies
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High-Resolution Comparison of Bacterial Conjugation Frequencies

Published on: January 10, 2019

Broad host range plasmids.

Aayushi Jain1, Preeti Srivastava

  • 1Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India.

FEMS Microbiology Letters
|August 29, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plasmids are crucial for biotechnology and disease spread. Understanding plasmid host range is vital for identifying bacterial hosts, aiding recombinant DNA technology and environmental applications.

Keywords:
plasmid evolutionplasmid vectorsreplication

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Published on: November 25, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Environmental Microbiology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Plasmids are essential tools in biotechnology and cloning.
  • Plasmids are implicated in disease transmission and environmental concerns.
  • Increasing plasmid sequence data necessitates host identification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review plasmid features conferring broad host range.
  • To explore the molecular basis of plasmid host range evolution.
  • To discuss applications in recombinant DNA technology and environmental science.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of plasmid biology.
  • Analysis of plasmid features and host interactions.
  • Synthesis of data on host range determinants.

Main Results:

  • Identified key features enabling broad host range replication.
  • Elucidated molecular mechanisms driving plasmid host range evolution.
  • Highlighted diverse applications in biotechnology and environmental management.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding plasmid host range is critical for effective use in biotechnology.
  • Plasmid biology offers insights into microbial evolution and disease ecology.
  • Broad host range plasmids have significant potential in environmental biotechnology.